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Epidemiology of Hearing Impairment

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Hearing Aids

Part of the book series: Springer Handbook of Auditory Research ((SHAR,volume 56))

Abstract

Hearing impairment is the most prevalent sensory deficit, affecting approximately 30 million (12.7 %) individuals in the United States in both ears and 48 million (20.3 %) individuals in the United States in at least one ear. Nevertheless, NIH estimates suggest that only 20 % of people who could potentially benefit from a hearing aid seek intervention. Globally, approximately 5.3 % of the world’s population, or 360 million individuals, suffer from hearing impairment that is considered to be disabling by WHO standards. Hearing impairment is a condition that can develop across the life span, and the relations between specific risk factors and hearing impairment may vary with age. The etiology of hearing impairment is complex and multifactorial, representing the cumulative influences of an amalgam of factors, such as aging, genetic, epigenetic, environmental, health comorbidity, diet and lifestyle factors, as well as the complex potential interactions among these factors, that may all contribute to its development. Identification of risk factors for hearing impairment may provide us with a better understanding of the cellular and molecular mechanisms associated with acquired hearing impairment and could aid efforts toward prevention, early detection, and delay of progression. This chapter provides an overview of the epidemiology of hearing impairment in the United States and worldwide, including information on incidence, prevalence, and a discussion of risk factors that have been identified as potential contributors.

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Gary Curhan declares that he has no conflict of interest.Sharon Curhan declares that she has no conflict of interest.

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  1. Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, 181 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA

    Gary Curhan & Sharon Curhan

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  1. Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA

    Gerald R. Popelka

  2. Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom

    Brian C. J. Moore

  3. Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, Massachusetts, USA

    Richard R. Fay

  4. Department of Biology, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA

    Arthur N. Popper

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Curhan, G., Curhan, S. (2016). Epidemiology of Hearing Impairment. In: Popelka, G., Moore, B., Fay, R., Popper, A. (eds) Hearing Aids. Springer Handbook of Auditory Research, vol 56. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-33036-5_2

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