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Influences of Coral Intra-skeletal Organic Matrix on Calcium Carbonate Precipitation

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The Cnidaria, Past, Present and Future

Abstract

Corals are among the most important calcium carbonate mineralizers and form the main structures of the reefs, which provide an important socio-economical support. Despite this, and the fact the is quite generally accepted that coral mineralization is a biological controlled process, few studied have so far addressed the role of the intra-skeletal organic matrix in the calcification process. This chapter makes a scientific path on what is known on the biological control of coral mineralization describing the more relevant studies. The sections are sequenced with the aim to guide the readers to be conscious of the importance of the organic matrix in the mineralization process that is finally illustrated through a series of experiments in vivo and in vitro. Accordingly the chapter presents an overview on coral biomineralization, anatomy and physiology, skeleton microsctructure, tissue-skeleton, minor element distribution, organic matrix, biomineralization proteins and finally calcium carbonate precipitation in the presence of coral organic matrix.

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Acknowledgments

The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Research Council under the European Union’s Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007–2013)/ERC Grant.

Agreement No. [249930-CoralWarm: Corals and global warming: the Mediterranean versus the Red Sea; www.CoralWarm.eu]. We thank Gianni Neto for the underwater pictures in Fig. 13.6.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemistry “Giacomo Ciamician”, Alma Mater Studiorum – University of Bologna, Via Selmi 2, 40126, Bologna, Italy

    Michela Reggi, Simona Fermani & Giuseppe Falini

  2. The Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, 52900, Ramat-Gan, Israel

    Oren Levy & Zvy Dubinsky

  3. Marine Science Group, Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, University of Bologna, Via Selmi 3, 40126, Bologna, Italy

    Stefano Goffredo

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  1. Michela Reggi
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  2. Simona Fermani
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  3. Oren Levy
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  5. Stefano Goffredo
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  6. Giuseppe Falini
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Correspondence to Giuseppe Falini .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Biological, Geological and Env Scie, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy

    Stefano Goffredo

  2. Fac. Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, Israel

    Zvy Dubinsky

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Reggi, M., Fermani, S., Levy, O., Dubinsky, Z., Goffredo, S., Falini, G. (2016). Influences of Coral Intra-skeletal Organic Matrix on Calcium Carbonate Precipitation. In: Goffredo, S., Dubinsky, Z. (eds) The Cnidaria, Past, Present and Future. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-31305-4_13

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