Abstract
In spite of having a land occupation of 2 % and accommodating 50 % of the world population, cities produce 80 % of GHG emission and consume 80 % of the world’s resources. Therefore, spatial planning has a key role in creating urban environments that support less energy-intense lifestyles and communities in order to meet the EU’s challenging energy and climate change targets. However, the use of high tech applications is not sufficient: a smarter way of combining tools and approaches that come from the tradition of town and transport planning is required. Spatial planning has a long lasting tradition in defining the shape of urban fabric and the layout of buildings, defining the proper mix of land uses that takes into account the key role of transports. Containing and retrofitting urban sprawl by integrating transport and land use planning will be a considerable part of a new smart approach to city and energy. The new role of land use planning will also be accommodating new forms of distributed energy production in the urban fabric. In addition, planning tools will incorporate incentives aimed at favouring higher energy standards both for new and existing buildings. The technological innovation requires a comprehensive spatial framework, assuming that the energy point of view is a new challenge for innovating spatial planning.
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Notes
- 1.
N-Habitat report ‘Cities: Battle-Ground for Climate Change’ 2011.
- 2.
- 3.
Special includes planning associations from eight European countries, under the Leadership of Town and Country Planning Association, UK. The authors are in charge for the Special Italian partner: Centro Nazionale di Studi Urbanistici, CeNSU (National Centre for Urban Studies).
- 4.
Klein (2014) contains a non-neutral account of this raising concern.
- 5.
The initial PLEA conference was held in 1981 in Miami, Florida organized by Arthur Bowen of Coral Gables University, Florida. La Greca, co-author of this paper, had the privilege to be there.
- 6.
Cpt 12 Efficiency and Justice p. 222.
- 7.
Western Australian Planning Commission, Directions 2031 and beyond. Metropolitan planning beyond the horizon, August 2011 (www.planning.wa.gov.au).
- 8.
- 9.
- 10.
Source: Italian Energy Efficiency Action Plan, 2014.
- 11.
Source: Sole 24 Ore 23/08/2015.
- 12.
Source: www.iba-hamburg.de.
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La Greca, P., Martinico, F. (2016). Energy and Spatial Planning: A Smart Integrated Approach. In: Papa, R., Fistola, R. (eds) Smart Energy in the Smart City. Green Energy and Technology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-31157-9_3
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