Abstract
The political and economic modernization processes of the last two centuries, paralleled by rising levels of militarization and social violence, have impacted women’s status in varying ways—some for the better, and many for the worse. Prospects for the fundamental systems transformation required to end patriarchy seem far off. Yet women are today, as they have always been, both victims and shapers of the societies of which they are a part. Much of the activity of women’s movements in the twentieth century has been (correctly) focused on ending the victim role and establishing gender equity, a necessary condition for and concomitant of the removal of all forms of structural and behavioral oppression and violence. However, the other persisting focus in women’s culture historically and in the present has been on women as agents of social transformation, as creators of the future.
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Notes
- 1.
This is the text of a paper presented at a session on Gender and Social Transformation at International Sociological Association Symposium No. 3 on Old and New Forms of Solidarity and Identify, Bielefeld, Germany, July 1994. A much abbreviated version was published with the same title in: WILPF International Peace Update 61(1), February, 1995. This is the first publication of the full text of the paper.
- 2.
See PAHSEP 07 Chaps. 7 and 13 for more in-depth discussion of the futures-imaging workshops.
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Boulding, J.R. (2016). Women’s Movements for Social Change: Social Feminism and Equity Feminism (1994). In: Boulding, J. (eds) Elise Boulding: Writings on Feminism, the Family and Quakerism. Pioneers in Arts, Humanities, Science, Engineering, Practice, vol 8. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-30978-1_4
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