Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Sliding Mode Control of Induction Generator Wind Turbine Connected to the Grid

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Advances and Applications in Nonlinear Control Systems

Part of the book series: Studies in Computational Intelligence ((SCI,volume 635))

Abstract

Conventional fossil fuels such as coal, oil and natural gas are being reduced and become more and more a source of serious undesirable effects on the environment. Wind power is playing a major role in the effort to augment the share of renewable energy sources in the world energy mix with a continuously increasing penetration into the grid. Wind turbine generators can be divided into two basic categories: fixed speed and variable speed. Variable-speed wind energy systems are presently favored than fixed-speed wind turbines thanks to their higher wind power extraction, improved efficiency, reactive power support and voltage control. This study addresses the problem of control of Wind Energy Conversion System (WECS) in variable speed. To this end, two simultaneous control objectives, namely the maximization of the energy conversion efficiency based on Squirrel Cage Induction Generator (SCIG) wind turbine and the regulation of the active and reactive power feed to the grid, to guarantee Unit Power Factor (UPF), have been established. To deal with the complexity and nonlinearity of the system, the sliding mode control is adopted. Indeed, this technique provides an efficient tool for controller design and presents attractive features such as robustness to parametric uncertainties of the different components of the system. In this way, sliding-mode control laws are developed using Lyapunov stability analysis, to guarantee the reaching and sustaining of sliding mode and stability of the system control. Evaluation of the reliability and performance of the proposed sliding mode control approach has been established on a 3MW three-blade wind turbine. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed control strategy is effective in terms of MPPT control strategy, active and reactive power tracking trajectories and robustness against system parameter variations.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 129.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Alepuz S, Calle A, Busquets-Monge S, Kouro S (2013) Use of stored energy in PMSG rotor inertia for low-voltage ride-through in back-to-back npc converter-based wind power systems. IEEE Trans Indus Electron 60(5):1787–1796

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Benchagra M, Errami Y, M. Hilal, Maaroufi M, Cherkaoui M, Ouassaid M (2012) New control strategy for inductin generator-wind turbine connected grid. In: International conference on multimedia computing and systems (IEEE-ICMCS), pp 1043–1048

    Google Scholar 

  3. Benchagra M, Maaroufi M, Ouassaid M (2014) A performance comparison of linear and nonlinear control of a SCIG-wind farm connecting to a distribution network. Turkish J Electr Eng Comput Sci 22(1):1–11

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Caliao ND (2011) Dynamic modeling and control of fully rated converter wind turbines. Renew Energy 36:2287–2297

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Cardenas R, Pena R (2004) Sensorless vector control of induction machines for variable-speed wind energy applications. IEEE Trans Energy Convers 19(1):196–205

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Chou S, Chia-Tse L, Hsin-Cheng K, Po-Tai C (2014) A low-voltage ride-through method with transformer flux compensation capability of renewable power grid-side converters. IEEE Trans Power Electron 29(4):1710–1719

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Chen Z, Guerrero JM, Blaabjerg F (2009) A review of the state of the art of power electronics for wind turbines. IEEE Trans Power Electron 24(8):1859–1875

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Chen J, Jie C, Chunying G (2013) New overall power control strategy for variable-speed fixed-pitch wind turbines within the whole wind velocity range. IEEE Trans Ind Electron 60(7):2652–2660

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Errami Y, Ouassaid M, Maaroufi M (2013) Modeling and variable structure power control of PMSG based variable speed wind energy conversion system. J Optoelectron Adv Mater 15(12):1248–1255

    Google Scholar 

  10. Evangelista C, Fernando V, Paul P (2013) Active and reactive power control for wind turbine based on a MIMO 2-sliding mode algorithm with variable gains. IEEE Trans Energy Convers 28(3):682–689

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Huang N, He J, Nabeel A, Demerdash O (2013) Sliding Mode observer based position self-sensing control of a direct-drivePMSGwind turbine system fed by NPC converters. In: IEEE international electric machines drives conference (IEMDC), pp 919–925

    Google Scholar 

  12. Hu J, Nian H, He BHY, Zhu ZQ (2010) Direct active and reactive power regulation of dfig using sliding-mode control approach. IEEE Trans Energy Convers 25(4):1028–1039

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Idris NRN, Yatim AHM (2004) Direct torque control of induction machines with constant switching frequency and reduced torque Ripple. IEEE Trans Ind Electron 51(4):758–767

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Isidori A (1995) Nonlinear control systems, 3rd edn. Springer, New York

    Book  MATH  Google Scholar 

  15. Jain S, Khorrami F, Fardanesh B (1994) Adaptive nonlinear excitation control of power system withunknown interconnections. IEEE Trans Control Syst Technol 2(4):436–446

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Kang J, Sul S (1999) New direct torque control of induction motor for minimum torque ripple and constant switching frequency. IEEE Trans Ind Appl 35(5):1076–1082

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Krstić M, Kanellakopoulos I, Kokotović P (1995) Nonlinear and adaptive control design. Wiley Interscience Publication, New York

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  18. Lai YS, Chen JH (2001) A new approach to direct torque control of inductionmotor drives for constant inverter switching frequency and torque ripple reduction. IEEE Trans Energy Convers 16(3):220–227

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  19. Ledesma P, Usaola J (2005) Doubly fed induction generator model for transient stability analysis. IEEE Trans Energy Convers 20(2):388–397

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Li H, Zhao B, Yang C, Chen HW, Chen Z (2012) Analysis and estimation of transient stability for a grid-connected wind turbine with induction generator. Renew Energy 36:1469–1476

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Li S, Haskew TA, Swatloski RP, Gathings W (2012) Optimal And Direct-current Vector Control Of Direct-driven Pmsg Wind Turbines. IEEE Trans Power Electron 27(5):2325–2337

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. Li R, Dianguo X (2013) Parallel operation of full power converters in permanent-magnet direct-drive wind power generation system. IEEE Trans Ind Electron 60(4):1619–1629

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. Martinez MI, Susperregui A, Tapia G (2013) Sliding-mode control of a wind turbine-driven doublefed induction generator under non-ideal grid voltages. IET Renew Power Gener 7(4):370–379

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. Melo DFR, Chang-Chien L-R (2014) Synergistic control between hydrogen storage system and offshore wind farm for grid operation. IEEE Trans Sustain Energy 5(1):18–27

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. Meng W, Yang Q, Ying Y, Sun Y, Yang Z, Sun Y (2013) Adaptive power capture control of variablespeed wind energy conversion systems with guaranteed transient and steady-state performance. IEEE Trans Energy Convers 28(3):716–725

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. Mullane A, Lightbody G, Yacamini R (2005) Wind-turbine fault ridethrough enhancement. IEEE Trans Power Syst 20(4):1929–1937

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. Nian H, Song Y (2014) Direct power control of doubly fed induction generator under distorted grid voltage. IEEE Trans Power Electron 29(2):894–905

    Article  Google Scholar 

  28. Oliveira DS, Reis MM, Silva CEA, Colado Barreto HS, Antunes FLM, Soares BL (2010) A three-phase high-frequency semicontrolled rectifier for PM WECS. IEEE Trans Power Electron 25(3):677–685

    Article  Google Scholar 

  29. Ouassaid M, Nejmi A, Cherkaoui M, Maaroufi M (2008) A Nonlinear backstepping controller for power systems terminal voltage and rotor speed controls. Int Rev Autom Control 3(1):355–363

    Google Scholar 

  30. Ouassaid M, Maaroufi M, Cherkaoui M (2010) Decentralized nonlinear adaptive control and stability analysis of multimachine power system. Int Rev Electr Eng 5(6):2754–2763

    Google Scholar 

  31. Ouassaid M, Maaroufi M, Cherkaoui M (2012) Observer based nonlinear control of power system using sliding mode control control strategy. Electr Power Syst Res 84(1):135–143

    Article  Google Scholar 

  32. Peresada S, Tilli A, Tonielli A (2004) Power control of a doubly fed induction machine via output feedback. Control Eng Prac 12(1):41–57

    Article  Google Scholar 

  33. Patil NS, Bhosle YN (2013) A review on wind turbine generator topologies. In: IEEE international conference on power, energy and control (ICPEC), pp 625–629

    Google Scholar 

  34. Rajaei AH, Mohamadian M, Varjani AY (2013) Vienna-rectifier-based direct torque control of PMSG for wind energy application. IEEE Trans Ind Electron 60(7):2919–2929

    Article  Google Scholar 

  35. Slotine JJE, Li W (1991) Applied nonlinear control. Prentice-Hall, Englewoods Cliffs

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  36. Souza CL et al (2001) Power system transient stability analysis including synchronous and induction generator. Proc IEEE Porto Power Tech 2:6

    Google Scholar 

  37. Susperregui A, Martinez MI, Tapia G, Vechiu I (2013) Second-order sliding-mode controller design and tuning for grid synchronisation and power control of a wind turbine-driven doubly fed induction generator. IET Renew Power Gener 7(5):540–551

    Article  Google Scholar 

  38. Tan Y, Wang Y (1998) Augmentation of transient stability using a supperconduction coil and adaptive nonlinear control. IEEE Trans Power Syst 13(2):361–366

    Article  Google Scholar 

  39. Tseng K, Huang C-C (2014) High step-up high-efficiency interleaved converter with voltage multiplier module for renewable energy system. IEEE Trans Ind Electron 61(3):1311–1319

    Article  Google Scholar 

  40. Utkin VI (1977) Variable structure systems with sliding modes. IEEE Trans Autom Control AC–22:212–222

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  41. Wu F, Zhang X, Ju P, Sterling MJH (2008) Decentralized nonlinear control of wind turbine with doubly fed induction generator. IEEE Trans Power Syst 23(2):613–621

    Article  Google Scholar 

  42. Xu L, Cartwright P (2006) Direct active and reactive power control of DFIG for wind energy generation. IEEE Trans Energy Convers 21(3):750–758

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Ecole Mohammadia d’Ingénieurs, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco

    M. Ouassaid, K. Elyaalaoui & M. Cherkaoui

Authors
  1. M. Ouassaid
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. K. Elyaalaoui
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. M. Cherkaoui
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to M. Ouassaid .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Chennai, India

    Sundarapandian Vaidyanathan

  2. Department of Physics, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece

    Christos Volos

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2016 Springer International Publishing Switzerland

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Ouassaid, M., Elyaalaoui, K., Cherkaoui, M. (2016). Sliding Mode Control of Induction Generator Wind Turbine Connected to the Grid . In: Vaidyanathan, S., Volos, C. (eds) Advances and Applications in Nonlinear Control Systems. Studies in Computational Intelligence, vol 635. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-30169-3_23

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-30169-3_23

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-30167-9

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-30169-3

  • eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation