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Chlorine-Free Heterogeneous Acid Catalysts

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Chemistry Beyond Chlorine

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Abstract

Chlorine-containing compounds are highly used as catalysts. AlCl3 is a traditional Lewis acid, whereas HCl is commonly used as Bronsted acid, either pure or in aqueous solution. Nevertheless, these acidic substances can be replaced by solid acid materials, such as zeolites, metal oxides, and clays, among others, all presenting high catalytic activity and yielding significant less hazardous wastes. In addition, many heterogeneous acid catalysts can be reused, contributing to greener and more sustainable processes.

We wish to show in this chapter some application of solid acid catalysts in alkylation, etherification, acetalization/ketalization, esterification, and carbonation reactions to replace chlorinated acidic systems. In contrast, we will show a positive role of chlorinated compounds as water suppressor agent in the carbonation of methanol with CO2 to produce dimethyl carbonate.

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Acknowledgments

The author thanks CNPq and FAPERJ for the research fellowships.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Av Athos da Silveira Ramos 149, CT Bl A and E, 21941-909, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

    Claudio Jose de Araujo Mota

  2. INCT of Energy and Environment, UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

    Claudio Jose de Araujo Mota

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  1. Claudio Jose de Araujo Mota
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Correspondence to Claudio Jose de Araujo Mota .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Ca' Foscari University of Venice Environmental Sciences, Venice, Italy

    Pietro Tundo

  2. Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Tianjin, China

    Liang-Nian He

  3. Chemistry Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University Chemistry Department, Moscow, Russia

    Ekaterina Lokteva

  4. Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro-RJ, Brazil

    Claudio Mota

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Mota, C.J.d.A. (2016). Chlorine-Free Heterogeneous Acid Catalysts. In: Tundo, P., He, LN., Lokteva, E., Mota, C. (eds) Chemistry Beyond Chlorine. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-30073-3_6

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