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Vesicoureteral Reflux

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Congenital Anomalies of the Kidney and Urinary Tract

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Abstract

Vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) is the retrograde flow of urine from the bladder into the upper urinary tract. Management goals include prevention of recurrent febrile urinary tract infection (UTI) and renal injury while minimizing the morbidity of treatment and follow-up. Options include observation with or without continuous antibiotic prophylaxis and surgical correction via endoscopic, open, or laparoscopic/robotic approaches. Need for surgical correction is influenced by a given child’s risk for further infections, potential for renal cortical scarring, and likelihood of spontaneous resolution, along with parental preferences.

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Abbreviations

AAP:

American Academy of Pediatrics

BBD:

Bladder-bowel dysfunction

DMSA:

Dimercaptosuccinic acid

NICE:

National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence

RNC:

Radionuclide cystography

US:

Ultrasound

UTI:

Urinary tract infection

UVJ:

Ureterovesical junction

VCUG:

Voiding cystourethrogram

VUR:

Vesicoureteral reflux

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Urology, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, 200 Hawkins Drive, 3RCP, Iowa City, IA, 52242-1089, USA

    Angela M. Arlen M.D. & Christopher S. Cooper M.D., F.A.A.P., F.A.C.S.

Authors
  1. Angela M. Arlen M.D.
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  2. Christopher S. Cooper M.D., F.A.A.P., F.A.C.S.
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Correspondence to Christopher S. Cooper M.D., F.A.A.P., F.A.C.S. .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pediatrics, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, District of Columbia, USA

    Amin J. Barakat

  2. Division of Pediatric Urology, Children’, George Washington University School of M, Washington, District of Columbia, USA

    H. Gil Rushton

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Arlen, A.M., Cooper, C.S. (2016). Vesicoureteral Reflux. In: Barakat, A., Rushton, H. (eds) Congenital Anomalies of the Kidney and Urinary Tract. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-29219-9_6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-29219-9_6

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