Abstract
Polymer nanocomposites are a new class of materials that have demonstrated unique performance properties which conventional composites cannot offer. These properties can be achieved with minimum addition of the nanodimensional fillers/additives. Polymer nanocomposites are commonly defined as the combination of a polymer matrix and fillers that have at least one dimension in the 100-naomerter or smaller-size range. Polymers with nano-sized inorganic fillers are the most widely researched materials in the last 15–20 years. Flame retardation is one of the most significant performance properties of polymer nanocomposite materials along with other enhanced properties such as mechanical reinforcement, barrier properties, and dimensional stability.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Amcol International Corporation (2000) Method of manufacturing polymer-grade clay for use in nanocomposites. US Patent 6,050,509
Xie W, Gao WZ, Pan W, Hunter D, Singh A, Vaia R (2001) Thermal degradation chemistry of alkyl quaternary ammonium montmorillonite. Chem Mater 13:2979–2990
Beall G, Tsipursky W, Sorokin A, Goldman A (1999) Intercalates and exfoliates formed with oligomers and polymers and composite materials containing same. US Patent 5,877,248
Pack S, Kashiwagi T, Cao C, Korach C, Levin M, Rafailoich M (2010) Role of surface interactions in the synergizing polymer/clay flame retardant properties. Macromolecules 43:5338–5351
Okada A, Kawasumi M, Usuki MA, Kojima Y, Kurauchi T, Kamigaito TO (1990) Synthesis and properties of nylon-6/clay hybrids. In: Schaefer DW, Mark JE (eds) Polymer based molecular composites, vol 171. MRS Symposium Proceedings, Pittsburgh, pp 45–50
Amcol International Corporation (2002) Intercalates formed with polypropylene/maleic anhydride-modified polypropylene intercalants. US Patent 6,462,122
Liang Y, Qian G, Cho J, Psihogios V, Lan T (2002) Applications of plastic nanocomposites. Additives, Clearwater Beach
NIST-IR 6312 (1998) Interactions of polymers with fillers and nanocomposites
Beyer G (2001) Flame retardant properties of EVA-nanocomposites and improvements by combination of nanofillers with aluminium trihydrate. Fire Mater 25:193–197
Bourbigot S, Le Bras M, Leeuwendal R, Shen K, Schubert D (1999) Recent advances in the use of zinc borates in flame retardancy of EVA. Polym Degrad Stab 64:419–425
Camino G, Mülhaupt R, Zanetti M, Thomann R (2001) Synthesis and thermal behaviour of layered silicate–EVA nanocomposites. Polymer 42:4501–4507
Zanetti M, Camino G, Mülhaupt R (2001) Combustion behaviour of EVA/fluorohectorite nanocomposites. Polym Degrad Stab 74:413–417
Hu Y, Tang S, Wang Z (2002) Preparation and flammability of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer/montmorillonite nanocomposites. Polym Degrad Stab 78:555–559
Hu Y, Lu H, Kong Q, Chen Z, Fan W (2004) Influence of gamma irradiation on high density polyethylene/ethylene-vinyl acetate/clay nanocomposites. Polym Adv Technol 15:601–605
Wilkie C, Costache M, Jiang D (2005) Thermal degradation of ethylene–vinyl acetate copolymer nanocomposites. Polymer 46:6947–6958
Mc Laughlin E, Koene B (2002) Twin screw extrusion of polyurethane nanocomposites. Conference proceedings of the SPE annual technical conference (ANTEC), 2002, San Francisco
Beyer G (2007) Flame retardancy of thermoplastic polyurethane and polyvinyl chloride by organoclays. J Fire Sci 25:67–78
Lan T (2008) Nanoclay as flame retardant additives, flame resistance in plastics by AMI, Cologne, Germany, 8–10 Dec 2008.
M. M. Hirschler, Fire safety, smoke toxicity and halogenated materials, Commentary in: Flame Retardancy News, Business Communications Co., Norwalk, CT, USA, April 2005
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) 60332-3-24. Tests on electrical cables under fire conditions – Part 3–24: Test for vertical flame spread of vertically-mounted bunched wires or cables; Category C, 2000-10-0040
Schartel B, Hartwig A, Putz D, Bartholmai M, Wendschuh-Josties M (2003) Combustion behavior of epoxide based nanocomposites with ammonium and phosphonium bentonite. Mol Chem Phys 204:2247–2257
Beyer G (2005) Flame retardancy of nanocomposites – from research to technical products. J Fire Sci 23:75–87
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2016 Springer International Publishing Switzerland
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Lan, T., Beyer, G. (2016). Polymer–Clay Nanocomposites: A Novel Way to Enhance Flame Retardation of Plastics and Applications in Wire and Cable Industry. In: Huang, X., Zhi, C. (eds) Polymer Nanocomposites. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-28238-1_12
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-28238-1_12
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-28236-7
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-28238-1
eBook Packages: Chemistry and Materials ScienceChemistry and Material Science (R0)