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Entities Contributing to Infertility and Their Relationship to Oncogenic Risk

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Pathology of Testicular and Penile Neoplasms

Abstract

The male factor is directly responsible for at least 20 % of infertility in the couple and contributing alone or associated with the female factor up to 50 % of infertile couples. In over 60 % of cases the etiology is unknown. The male factor is considered a risk factor for the development of testicular cancer. In this chapter different processes in which spermatogenesis impairment related to the risk of testicular cancer are discussed. They are considered low risk populations: Klinefelter syndrome 47,XXY, 46, XX males, 47, XYY males, patients with microdeletions in the long arm of the Y chromosome, structural aberrations in the Y chromosome, anomalies in autosomes, gene mutations in autosomes, and ovotesticular disorder of sexual development. Those with medium risk (2,2–15 %) are patients with nonobstructive azoospermia, cryptorchidism, contralateral descended testis in cryptorchid testis patient, defects in DNA repair genes, family history of testicular cancer, and history of testicular cancer in contralateral testis. Patients with high oncogenic risk (15–45 %) are those with: Androgen insensitivity syndrome (CAIS, PAIS), XY complete gonadal dysgenesis, 45, X0/46, XY females, and mutations in SRY gene.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Anatomy, Histology and Neuroscience, Autonoma University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain

    Manuel Nistal

  2. Department of Pathology, Autonoma University of Madrid, Hospital Univ. La Paz., Madrid, Spain

    Pilar González-Peramato

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  1. Manuel Nistal
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  2. Pilar González-Peramato
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Correspondence to Manuel Nistal .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Fondazione IRCCS, Istituto Nazionale Dei Tumori, Milan, Italy

    Maurizio Colecchia

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Nistal, M., González-Peramato, P. (2016). Entities Contributing to Infertility and Their Relationship to Oncogenic Risk. In: Colecchia, M. (eds) Pathology of Testicular and Penile Neoplasms. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-27617-5_3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-27617-5_3

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