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Congenital Lesions

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Pathology of Testicular and Penile Neoplasms

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Abstract

Disorders of sexual development (DSD) are one of the most interesting fields of congenital testicular pathology. The consensus classification of Chicago 2005 was an important step based on the karyotype. The absence of a good correlation between karyotype and phenotype highlight the need to take into account other point of views. Genetic and chromosomal alterations lead to the final development of a particular gonad whose structure will be the key to understand the other alterations. The study of the gonads is the only method to determine the malignant potential or the degree of testicular or ovarian differentiation. DSD study based on the histology of the gonads is addressed in this chapter. If the gonad differentiates into ovary only streak gonad made by gonadal stroma, streak gonad with ovarian hypoplastic follicles or ovaries can be observed. When differentiation is to testis, streak gonad with epithelial-like cords, testis with ovarian-like cortex, dysgenetic streak testis or testis can be observed. If the gonad presents differentiation in both directions, the result is an ovotestis. If the undifferentiated gonad disappears, the result is a true agonadism. Finally, failure in testicular descent is the most frequent congenital disorder found in newborns. The histological patterns are related with the different clinical pictures.

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  1. Department of Anatomy, Histology and Neuroscience, Autonoma University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain

    Manuel Nistal

  2. Department of Pathology, Autonoma University of Madrid, Hospital Univ. La Paz, Madrid, Spain

    Pilar González-Peramato

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    Maurizio Colecchia

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Nistal, M., González-Peramato, P. (2016). Congenital Lesions. In: Colecchia, M. (eds) Pathology of Testicular and Penile Neoplasms. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-27617-5_2

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