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The Role of Omega-3 Fatty Acids in Breast Cancer Prevention

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Trends in Breast Cancer Prevention

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Abstract

Preclinical and epidemiological data suggest that omega-3 fatty acids (n-3FA) protect against breast cancer, although controversy still exists in the literature. In view of the heterogeneity of human breast cancer, we believe that n-3FA should be a component of a multi-targeted approach for effective chemoprevention. Preclinical data from our laboratories indicate that n-3FA potentiates the chemopreventive effect of the antiestrogen Tamoxifen based on the complementarity of their mechanisms of antitumor action suggested by our signaling, genomic, and proteomic studies. Because of their anti-estrogenic and anti-inflammatory properties, n-3FA may be preferentially effective in preventing obesity-related breast cancer. In view of the hyperestrogenic and pro-inflammatory milieu present systematically and in the mammary glands of obese women, n-3FA may cooperate with weight loss induced by dietary energy restriction in reducing breast cancer risk in these subjects. Evidence-based combinatorial intervention trials targeting appropriately selected populations of women at risk are needed to establish the role of n-3FA in breast cancer prevention.

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Acknowledgement

Support for this work is provided by Susan G. Komen for the Cure, Grant Number KG081632 and pilot funds from the Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Medicine, Penn State College of Medicine, Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, 500 University Drive, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA

    Andrea Manni M.D., Karam El-Bayoumy Ph.D. & Christine G. Skibinski Ph.D.

  2. Cancer Prevention Laboratory, Colorado State University, 1173 Campus Delivery, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA

    Henry J. Thompson Ph.D.

  3. The Irma H. Russo, MD, Breast Cancer Research Laboratory, Fox Chase Cancer Center —Temple University Health System, Philadelphia, PA, USA

    Julia Santucci-Pereira Ph.D.

  4. Barretos School of Health Sciences, Dr. Paulo Prata—FACISB, and Molecular Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos, SP, Brazil

    Lucas Tadeu Bidinotto Ph.D.

  5. The Irma H. Russo, MD, Breast Cancer Research Laboratory, Fox Chase Cancer Center—Temple Health, Philadelphia, PA, USA

    Jose Russo M.D., F.A.C.P.

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  1. Andrea Manni M.D.
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  2. Karam El-Bayoumy Ph.D.
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  3. Christine G. Skibinski Ph.D.
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  6. Lucas Tadeu Bidinotto Ph.D.
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  7. Jose Russo M.D., F.A.C.P.
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Correspondence to Andrea Manni M.D. .

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  1. The Irma H. Russo, MD, Breast Cancer Research Laboratory, Fox Chase Cancer Center--Temple Health, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA

    Jose Russo

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Manni, A. et al. (2016). The Role of Omega-3 Fatty Acids in Breast Cancer Prevention. In: Russo, J. (eds) Trends in Breast Cancer Prevention. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-27135-4_3

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