Abstract
Hair trichogram is a semi-invasive, qualitative, and quantitative method used for decades by dermatologists. The microscopic examination of plucked hairs provides reliable information about hair root, shaft, and viability which are good indicators for diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of many types of hair disorders. Thanks to its reproducibility, the trichogram is also used in routine patient follow-up and in clinical trials as a primary endpoint.
This technique is simple and inexpensive but needs a short training in the plucking procedure as well as in the reading. This chapter will provide the material, method, morphological features, and clinical applications of the method.
Abbreviations
- AA:
-
Alopecia areata
- AGA:
-
Androgenic alopecia
- LAH:
-
Loose anagen hair
- N/A:
-
Not available (Table 1) or not applicable (Table 2)
References
Agache PG, Humbert P, Maibach HI. Measuring the skin. New York: Springer; 2004. 812 p.
Barman JM, Astore I, Pecoraro V. The normal trichogram of the adult. J Investig Dermatol. 1965;44(4):233–6.
Bentley-Phillips B, Bayles MA. A previously undescribed hereditary hair anomaly (pseudo-monilethrix). Br J Dermatol. 1973;89(2):159–67.
Bleiker TO, Nicolaou N, Traulsen J, Hutchinson PE. ‘Atrophic telogen effluvium’ from cytotoxic drugs and a randomized controlled trial to investigate the possible protective effect of pretreatment with a topical vitamin D3 analogue in humans. Br J Dermatol. 2005;153(1):103–12.
Blume-Peytavi U. Hair growth and disorders: with 85 tables. Berlin: Springer; 2008. 571 p.
Cantatore-Francis JL, Orlow SJ. Practical guidelines for evaluation of loose anagen hair syndrome. Arch Dermatol. 2009;145(10):1123–8.
Dhurat RP, Deshpande DJ. Loose anagen hair syndrome. Int J Trichol. 2010;2(2):96–100.
Dhurat R, Saraogi P. Hair evaluation methods: merits and demerits. Int J Trichol. 2009;1(2):108–19.
Ferrando J, Fontarnau R, Haussman G. Is pseudomonilethrix an artifact? Int J Dermatol. 1990;29(5):380–2.
Galliker NA, Trüeb RM. Value of trichoscopy versus trichogram for diagnosis of female androgenetic alopecia. Int J Trichol. 2012;4(1):19–22.
Guarrera M, Semino MT, Rebora A. Quantitating hair loss in women: a critical approach. Dermatology (Basel). 1997;194(1):12–6.
Hillmann K, Blume-Peytavi U. Diagnosis of hair disorders. Semin Cutan Med Surg. 2009;28(1):33–8.
Kahn CM, Guerrero AR, Césped MC. Seasonal variation of trichogram in Chilean subjects. Rev Med Chil. 2009;137(11):1437–40.
Kunz M, Seifert B, Trüeb RM. Seasonality of hair shedding in healthy women complaining of hair loss. Dermatology (Basel). 2009;219(2):105–10.
Lachapelle JM, Pierard GE. Traumatic alopecia in trichotillomania: a pathogenic interpretation of histologic lesions in the pilosebaceous unit. J Cutan Pathol. 1977;4(2):51–67.
Martinez FC, Montagna W. Trichologie: maladies du follicule pilosébacé. Madrid: Grupo Aula Medica; 1997. 767 p.
Miteva M, Tosti A. Hair and scalp dermatoscopy. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2012;67(5):1040–8.
Oranje AP, Peereboom-Wynia JD, De Raeymaecker DM. Trichotillomania in childhood. J Am Acad Dermatol. 1986;15(4 Pt 1):614–9.
Paus R, Haslam IS, Sharov AA, Botchkarev VA. Pathobiology of chemotherapy-induced hair loss. Lancet Oncol. 2013;14(2):e50–9.
Pecoraro V, Astore I, Barman JM. Cycle of the scalp hair of the new-born child1. J Investig Dermatol. 1964a;43(3):145–7.
Pecoraro V, Astore I, Barman J, Araujo CI. The normal trichogram in the child before the age of puberty1. J Investig Dermatol. 1964b;42(6):427–30.
Peereboom-Wynia JD, Beek CH, Mulder PG, Stolz E. The trichogram as a prognostic tool in alopecia areata. Acta Derm Venereol. 1993;73(4):280–2.
Piérard-Franchimont C, Piérard GE. Teloptosis, a turning point in hair shedding biorhythms. Dermatology (Basel). 2001;203(2):115–7.
Rakowska A, Slowinska M, Kowalska-Oledzka E, Olszewska M, Rudnicka L. Dermoscopy in female androgenic alopecia: method standardization and diagnostic criteria. Int J Trichol. 2009;1(2):123–30.
Rushton H, James KC, Mortimer CH. The unit area trichogram in the assessment of androgen-dependent alopecia. Br J Dermatol. 1983;109(4):429–37.
Stanimirović A, Skerlev M, Stipić T, Beck T, Basta-Juzbasić A, Ivanković D. Has psoriasis its own characteristic trichogram? J Dermatol Sci. 1998;17(2):156–9.
Tosti A, Peluso AM, Misciali C, Venturo N, Patrizi A, Fanti PA. Loose anagen hair. Arch Dermatol. 1997;133(9):1089–93.
Trüeb RM. Chemotherapy-induced alopecia. Semin Cutan Med Surg. 2009;28(1):11–4.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2015 Springer International Publishing Switzerland
About this entry
Cite this entry
Guichard, A., Fanian, F. (2015). Hair Trichogram. In: Humbert, P., Maibach, H., Fanian, F., Agache, P. (eds) Agache’s Measuring the Skin. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-26594-0_110-1
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-26594-0_110-1
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-26594-0
eBook Packages: Springer Reference MedicineReference Module Medicine