Abstract
Health research reports regular physical activity can substantially reduce the risk of heart disease, stroke, colon cancer, diabetes, and high blood pressure. It also aids weight control, contributes to muscular and skeletal health, reduces falls among older adults, helps relieve arthritic pain, lessens symptoms of anxiety and depression, lessens dependence on medication and leads to fewer medical visits. Despite these benefits many in the U.S. lead sedentary lifestyles and are not active enough to realize these advantages. Physical inactivity is a national issue, as 62% of children do not participate in any organized sport during their non-school hours and 23% do not engage in any free-time physical exercise (CDC, 2002). The problem plagues older age groups too, as 65% of adults and 16% of youth are overweight or obese (CDC, 2003).
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Alexandris, K., and B. Carrol. 1999. Constraints on recreational sport participation in adults in Greece: Implications for managing sport services. Journal of Sport Management, 13(2), 317-332.
Alexandris, K., D. Funk, and M. Pritchard. 2011. The impact of constraints on motivation, activity attachment and skier intentions to continue. Journal of Leisure Research, 43(1), 56-79.
Bagozzi, R. 1993. The neglect of volition in consumer research: A critique & proposal. Psychology & Marketing, 10, 215-37.
Bagozzi, R. 1992. The self-regulation of attitudes, intentions, and behavior. Social Psychological Quarterly, 55(4), 178-204.
Berry, L., A. Mirabito, and W. Baun. 2010. What’s the hard return on employee wellness programs? Harvard Business Review, 88(12), 104-112.
Courneya, K., and L. Hellsten. 1998. Personality correlates of exercise behavior, motives, barriers and preferences: An application of the 5-factor model. Personality & Individual Differences, 24(5), 625-633.
Cox, M., R. Shephard, and P. Corey. 1981. Influence of an employee fitness program upon fitness, productivity and absenteeism. Ergonomics, 24(10), 795-806.
Crawford, D., E. Jackson, and G. Godbey. 1991. A hierarchical model of leisure constraints. Leisure Sciences, 13, 309-320.
Crompton, J., E. Jackson, and P. Witt. 2005. Integrating benefits to leisure with constraints to leisure, In E. Jackson (Ed.), Constraints to Leisure, State College, PA: Venture Publishing.
Ganesh, J., M. Arnold, and K. Reynolds. 2000. Understanding the customer base of service providers: An examination of the differences between switchers and stayers. Journal of Marketing, 64(3), 65-87.
Godin, G., and R. Shephard. 1985. Psycho-social predictors of exercise intentions among spouses. Canadian Journal of Applied Sport Sciences, 10(1), 36-43.
Godin, G., R. Shephard, and A. Colantonio. 1986. The cognitive profile of those who intend to exercise but do not. Public Health Reports, 101(5), 521-526.
Goetzel, R., T. Juday, and R. Ozminkowski. 1999. What’s the ROI? A systematic review of return on investment (ROI) studies of corporate health and productivity management initiatives. AWHP’s Worksite Health, 6, 12-21.
Goetzel, R., and R. Ozminkowski. 2008. Benefits of work site health-promotion programs. Annual Review of Public Health, 29, 303-323.
Ingledew, D., D. Markland, and A. Medley. 1998. Exercise motives and stages of change. Journal of Health Psychology, 3(4), 477-489.
Keaveney, S. 1995. Customer switching behavior in service industries. Journal of Marketing, 59(2), 71-82.
Petrick, J., S. Backman, R. Bixler, and W. Norman. 2001. Analysis of golfer motivations and constraints by experience use history. Journal of Leisure Research, 33, 56-70.
Pritchard, M., D. Funk, and K. Alexandris. 2009. Barriers to repeat patronage: The impact of spectator constraints. European Journal of Marketing, 43(1/2), 169-187.
Vuolle, P. (1989). Reasons for non-interest in physical activity among Finns and measures to remove them. Jyvaskyla: Research institute of Physical Culture & Health. In Reports of Physical Culture & Health, 63, 59-69.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2016 Academy of Marketing Science
About this paper
Cite this paper
Pritchard, M.P., Nichols, T., Graber, N. (2016). Employee Health: Motivations and Constraints to Fitness Program Participation. In: Campbell, C., Ma, J. (eds) Looking Forward, Looking Back: Drawing on the Past to Shape the Future of Marketing. Developments in Marketing Science: Proceedings of the Academy of Marketing Science. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-24184-5_90
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-24184-5_90
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-24182-1
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-24184-5
eBook Packages: Business and ManagementBusiness and Management (R0)