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Perspectives on Carbon Nanomaterials in Medicine Based upon Physicochemical Properties: Nanotubes, Nanodiamonds, and Carbon Nanobombs

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Carbon Nanomaterials for Biomedical Applications

Part of the book series: Springer Series in Biomaterials Science and Engineering ((SSBSE,volume 5))

Abstract

There has been an explosion of potential applications for detonation-synthesized diamond nanoparticles, also known as “nanodiamonds,” due to their large-scale production and commercial availability. However, it is the purity, fluorescence, variety of surface modifications, and high biocompatibility that have contributed to their popularity among other carbon nanoparticles for medicinal applications. Indeed, nanodiamonds can maintain most, if not all, of their inherently desirable properties upon surface functionalization (such as fluorescence, biocompatibility, etc.) in contrast to many other forms of carbon or more traditional nanoparticles such as semiconductor quantum dots. However, during the pursuit for novel uses of nanoparticles, it is imperative to independently assess the biocompatibility of nano-sized particles even if materials of similar composition are currently being used in biomedical applications. The goal of this chapter is to review and provide the reader with a current perspective on the unique physicochemical properties of nanodiamonds with reference to novel applications that have emerged over the past decade in both in vitro and in vivo data arenas (i.e., carbon nanobombs for cancer cell destruction). Future considerations for medical use of nanocarbon, including the most important biological life cycle implications are discussed.

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  1. Air Force Research Laboratory, Munitions Directorate Eglin AFB, 32542, Eglin, FL, USA

    Amanda M. Schrand

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  1. Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA

    Mei Zhang

  2. Soft Matter Materials Branch, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, Ohio, USA

    Rajesh R. Naik

  3. Department of Macromolecular Science, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA

    Liming Dai

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Schrand, A. (2016). Perspectives on Carbon Nanomaterials in Medicine Based upon Physicochemical Properties: Nanotubes, Nanodiamonds, and Carbon Nanobombs. In: Zhang, M., Naik, R., Dai, L. (eds) Carbon Nanomaterials for Biomedical Applications. Springer Series in Biomaterials Science and Engineering, vol 5. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-22861-7_1

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