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Decentralized Collaborative Plant Breeding for Utilization and Conservation of Neglected and Underutilized Crop Genetic Resources

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Advances in Plant Breeding Strategies: Breeding, Biotechnology and Molecular Tools

Abstract

Neglected and underutilized species (NUS) are referred to as species with under-exploited potentials with regard to food and nutrition security, health, income generation and environmental services. In the past, most breeding activities have concentrated on major crops, leading to overdependence on a few plant species of worldwide economic importance. The reasons for NUS being underutilized are complex and entail economic and agro-ecological constraints as well as lack of knowledge, awareness and supportive policies. Contextualization, decentralization and collaboration are proposed as important design principles for breeding strategies focusing on NUS. Four case studies illustrate how they are practically implemented in breeding programs. Two case studies focus on improving NUS for adaptation to climate variability and change: participatory breeding programs for sorghum and pearl millet in West Africa and Andean potatoes in Peru are taken as examples. Further case studies concentrate on improving agronomic and nutritional properties of local quinoa and amaranth varieties in Peru, and sensory quality of a less common vegetable crop in Germany. We discuss breeding strategies for NUS based on their objectives, the genetic resources used, breeding processes and techniques, as well as links to value chain development and seed systems. We conclude that breeding strategies for NUS should increasingly be embedded in multi-stakeholder strategies for collaborative learning and to expand the focus of interest from enhancing varieties towards building innovative institutions and partnerships that help develop sustainable food and farming systems and are linked to human needs.

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Acknowledgements

We would like to express our gratitude for Dr Salvatore Ceccarelli’s helpful comments on the manuscript. We further thank Dr Eva Weltzien (ICRISAT), as well as Dietrich Bauer and Michael Fleck (Kultursaat e.V.), for their willingness to share information and for clarifying questions regarding the case study examples. Last but not least, Thor Lawrence’s careful editing work is gratefully acknowledged.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Rural Development and Agriculture, Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) GmbH, Godesberger Allee 119, 53175, Bonn, Germany

    Alberto Camacho-Henriquez & Friederike Kraemer

  2. Bioversity International, via dei Tre Denari 472/a, 00057, Maccarese (Fiumicino), Italy

    Gea Galluzzi

  3. Global Program Genetic Resources, International Potato Center (CIP), Apartado 1558, Lima, 12, Peru

    Stef de Haan

  4. Decision and Policy Analysis (DAPA), Centro Internacional de Agricultura Tropical (CIAT), 6713, Cali, Colombia

    Matthias Jäger

  5. Seed4change–Research and Communication, Gichenbach 34, D-36129, Gersfeld, Germany

    Anja Christinck

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  1. Alberto Camacho-Henriquez
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  2. Friederike Kraemer
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  3. Gea Galluzzi
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  4. Stef de Haan
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  5. Matthias Jäger
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  6. Anja Christinck
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Correspondence to Alberto Camacho-Henriquez .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, King Faisal University, Al-Hassa, Saudi Arabia

    Jameel M. Al-Khayri

  2. University of Helsinki , 00014 HELSINKI, Finland

    Shri Mohan Jain

  3. Cincinnati, Ohio, USA

    Dennis V. Johnson

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Camacho-Henriquez, A., Kraemer, F., Galluzzi, G., de Haan, S., Jäger, M., Christinck, A. (2015). Decentralized Collaborative Plant Breeding for Utilization and Conservation of Neglected and Underutilized Crop Genetic Resources. In: Al-Khayri, J., Jain, S., Johnson, D. (eds) Advances in Plant Breeding Strategies: Breeding, Biotechnology and Molecular Tools. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-22521-0_2

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