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Comparison of Electrophysiological Auditory Measures in Fishes

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Fish Hearing and Bioacoustics

Part of the book series: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology ((AEMB,volume 877))

Abstract

Sounds provide fishes with important information used to mediate behaviors such as predator avoidance, prey detection, and social communication. How we measure auditory capabilities in fishes, therefore, has crucial implications for interpreting how individual species use acoustic information in their natural habitat. Recent analyses have highlighted differences between behavioral and electrophysiologically determined hearing thresholds, but less is known about how physiological measures at different auditory processing levels compare within a single species. Here we provide one of the first comparisons of auditory threshold curves determined by different recording methods in a single fish species, the soniferous Hawaiian sergeant fish Abudefduf abdominalis, and review past studies on representative fish species with tuning curves determined by different methods. The Hawaiian sergeant is a colonial benthic-spawning damselfish (Pomacentridae) that produces low-frequency, low-intensity sounds associated with reproductive and agonistic behaviors. We compared saccular potentials, auditory evoked potentials (AEP), and single neuron recordings from acoustic nuclei of the hindbrain and midbrain torus semicircularis. We found that hearing thresholds were lowest at low frequencies (~75–300 Hz) for all methods, which matches the spectral components of sounds produced by this species. However, thresholds at best frequency determined via single cell recordings were ~15–25 dB lower than those measured by AEP and saccular potential techniques. While none of these physiological techniques gives us a true measure of the auditory “perceptual” abilities of a naturally behaving fish, this study highlights that different methodologies can reveal similar detectable range of frequencies for a given species, but absolute hearing sensitivity may vary considerably.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank Drs. Richard Fay and Arthur Popper for their continued inspiration, ideas, mentorship, and encouragement that they have given us as scientists. Our existing knowledge of fish bioacoustics and comparative hearing in vertebrates would be extremely limited without their career-long research progress and leadership. Their valuable research contributions to the field of fish hearing and bioacoustics will continue to inspire both new research directions and the next generation of scientists. Art Popper’s work has stimulated an appreciation of the variety and specializations in inner ear morphology and accessory hearing structures responsible for diverse hearing capabilities among fishes, with many more discoveries to be made as the remaining >30,000 species of fishes are examined. Dick Fay’s work has significantly improved our understanding of the neural mechanisms governing auditory perception, temporal and frequency domain processing, effective stimulus for the fish auditory system (e.g., use of shaker table stimulus), directional hearing abilities, and how information is transformed along the auditory pathway from the endorgan to higher processing centers in the brain. Together, Art and Dick have also provided invaluable data on auditory capabilities in fishes for comparison with those of other vertebrates, and have brought us closer to understanding how fish hear, what fish hear, and how they perceive the underwater soundscape they inhabit.

We also thank Tim Tricas for his guidance and insights during different stages of this research. Funding was provided in part by an NSF Doctoral Dissertation Improvement Grant (IBN 04-08197 to KPM). We also thank University of Hawaii at Manoa, Hawaii Institute of Marine Biology, University of Washington, and Louisiana State University for support during different phases of this work.

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  1. Department of Biological Sciences, Louisiana State University, 202 Life Sciences Building, Baton Rouge, LA, 70803, USA

    Karen P. Maruska

  2. Department of Psychology, University of Washington, 408 Guthrie Hall, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA

    Joseph A. Sisneros

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  1. Karen P. Maruska
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  2. Joseph A. Sisneros
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Correspondence to Karen P. Maruska .

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  1. Department of Psychology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA

    Joseph A. Sisneros

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Maruska, K.P., Sisneros, J.A. (2016). Comparison of Electrophysiological Auditory Measures in Fishes. In: Sisneros, J. (eds) Fish Hearing and Bioacoustics. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 877. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-21059-9_11

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