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Sexually Transmitted Infections in LGBT Populations

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Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender Healthcare

Abstract

While it is recognized that men who have sex with men (MSM) are disproportionately affected by sexually transmitted infections (STI), it is important to understand that all members of the lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) population are at risk for STI acquisition, in many instances also disproportionately. Health care providers should be aware that many individuals who do not identify as part of the LGBT community also participate in non-heterosexual behaviors. All patients must thus receive detailed sexual histories for providers to establish risk of individual STI at various anatomic sites. Key sexually transmitted pathogens include human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), Chlamydia trachomatis (CT), Neisseria gonorrheae (GC), Herpes simplex virus (HSV-1 and HSV-2), Treponema pallidum (the etiologic agent of syphilis), and human papillomavirus (HPV). Other pathogens of note include lymphogranuloma venereum, bacterial vaginosis (BV), vulvovaginal candidiasis, Trichomonas vaginalis (trichomoniasis), pubic lice, molluscum contagiosum, and scabies. The epidemiological factors, clinical manifestations, and diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for these pathogens and conditions are discussed within this chapter. Further, a discussion of the key STI clinical syndromes (urethritis, cervicitis, proctitis, and vaginitis) is included to help health care providers of LGBT patients with their approach to care of the patient with a potential STI.

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Acknowledgement

Figures used with permission from: Gross G and Tyring SK, eds. Sexually Transmitted Infections and Sexually Transmitted Diseases. Heidelberg: Springer, 2011.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA

    Andrew J. Para M.D.

  2. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, 43201, USA

    Stephen E. Gee M.D.

  3. Department of Infectious Diseases, Ohio State University College of Medicine, 370 West Ninth Avenue, 155A Meiling Hall, Columbus, OH, 43201, USA

    John A. Davis M.D., Ph.D.

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  1. Program for LGBTI Health, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA

    Kristen Eckstrand

  2. Program for LGBTI Health, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA

    Jesse M. Ehrenfeld

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Para, A.J., Gee, S.E., Davis, J.A. (2016). Sexually Transmitted Infections in LGBT Populations. In: Eckstrand, K., Ehrenfeld, J. (eds) Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender Healthcare. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-19752-4_14

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