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The Role of Microbial Activity in Sulfide Oxidation at Dumping Sites of Sulfidic Wastes and in Abandoned Mining Areas

  • Chapter
Environmental Microbial Biotechnology

Part of the book series: Soil Biology ((SOILBIOL,volume 45))

Abstract

The role of iron-oxidizing bacteria in the natural systems such as dumping sites of sulfidic waste from extractive industries or abandoned mines still raises controversies, also from the regulatory point of view. High variability of mining waste rock properties and climatic conditions, along with a dump construction, causes instability and variability of hydrogeochemical and thermal conditions in the dump, thus affecting microbial activity and consequently differentiating it within the dump. The overall pollution load and ARD generation are a resultant of hydrogeochemical and microbiological processes. Therefore, the potentially decisive role of microbial activity in the kinetics of sulfide decomposition at some dumps requires differentiated assessment of chemical and microbial processes. In this context, some issues of importance have been discussed; among them are (1) the mechanisms of sulfide oxidation processes (the thiosulfate and polysulfide pathways) and their microbial acceleration, (2) microbiology of sulfidic waste and ARD, and (3) the need of coupling factors determining the role and activity of microorganisms exemplified in successes and failures of coal desulfurization and in the results of studies on the role of microbiological processes of sulfide oxidation at sulfidic waste dumps. A correct waste- and site-specific evaluation of the role and share of microbiological processes in the generation of pollution load in ARD would allow for elaborating adequate pollution control strategies. This needs designing and conducting complex studies that link host rock and sulfide mineralogy, climatic conditions, hydrogeochemistry, water balance, water, gas, and heat transport within the dump with pure chemical and biochemical processes.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Environmental Engineering of the Polish Academy of Sciences, 34, M. Sklodowska-Curie St., 41-819, Zabrze, Poland

    Irena Twardowska

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  1. Irena Twardowska
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Correspondence to Irena Twardowska .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Bioresources Engineering Department, CSIR - Institute of Minerals and Materials Technology, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India

    Lala Behari Sukla

  2. Bioresources Engineering Department, CSIR - Institute of Minerals and Materials Technology, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India

    Nilotpala Pradhan

  3. Bioresources Engineering Department, CSIR - Institute of Minerals and Materials Technology, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India

    Sandeep Panda

  4. Mineral Processing Department, CSIR - Institute of Minerals and Materials Technology, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India

    Barada Kanta Mishra

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Twardowska, I. (2015). The Role of Microbial Activity in Sulfide Oxidation at Dumping Sites of Sulfidic Wastes and in Abandoned Mining Areas. In: Sukla, L., Pradhan, N., Panda, S., Mishra, B. (eds) Environmental Microbial Biotechnology. Soil Biology, vol 45. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-19018-1_1

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