Abstract
Brain arteriovenous malformation (bAVM) is an important cause of intracranial hemorrhage (ICH), particularly in the young population. ICH is the first clinical symptom in about 50 % of bAVM patients. The vessels in bAVM are fragile and prone to rupture, causing bleeding into the brain. About 30 % of unruptured and non-hemorrhagic bAVMs demonstrate microscopic evidence of hemosiderin in the vascular wall. In bAVM mouse models, vascular mural cell coverage is reduced in the AVM lesion, accompanied by vascular leakage and microhemorrhage. In this review, we discuss possible signaling pathways involved in abnormal vascular development in bAVM.
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Acknowledgments
We thank members of the UCSF BAVM Study Project (http://avm.ucsf.edu) for their support, and Voltaire Gungab for assistance with manuscript preparation. This study was supported by grants to Hua Su from the National Institutes of Health (R01 NS027713, R01 HL122774, and 1R21NS083788) and from the Michael Ryan Zodda Foundation and UCSF Research Evaluation and Allocation Committee (REAC).
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Zhang, R., Zhu, W., Su, H. (2016). Vascular Integrity in the Pathogenesis of Brain Arteriovenous Malformation. In: Applegate, R., Chen, G., Feng, H., Zhang, J. (eds) Brain Edema XVI. Acta Neurochirurgica Supplement, vol 121. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-18497-5_6
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