Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

The Spectrum of Demyelinating Inflammatory Diseases of the Central Nervous System

  • Chapter
Neuropsychiatric Symptoms of Inflammatory Demyelinating Diseases

Part of the book series: Neuropsychiatric Symptoms of Neurological Disease ((NSND))

Abstract

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is, by far, the most common inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS), but it is not the only CNS inflammatory demyelinating disease and there is a broad spectrum of disorders with varied clinical course, imaging features, epidemiological characteristics, regional distribution of pathological abnormalities, and pathology. Other syndromes associated to MS are clinically isolated syndromes and radiologically isolated syndromes. MS variants included active MS (Marburg type), Schilder’s disease, and Baló lesions. Neuromyelitis optica spectrum, idiopathic acute transverse myelitis, acute disseminated encephalomyelitis, chronic inflammatory myelopathy, and chronic relapsing inflammatory optic neuritis must be distinguished from MS.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 159.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. World Health Organization. Atlas multiple sclerosis resources in the world 2008. Geneva: WHO Press; 2008.

    Google Scholar 

  2. Kingwell E, Marriott JJ, Jetté N, Pringsheim T, Makhani N, Morrow SA, et al. Incidence and prevalence of multiple sclerosis in Europe: a systematic review. BMC Neurol. 2013;13:128.

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. Yeh EA, Chitnis T, Krupp L, Ness J, Chabas D, Kuntz N, et al. Pediatric multiple sclerosis. Nat Rev Neurol. 2009;5:621–31.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. Simpson Jr S, Blizzard L, Otahal P, Van der Mei I, Taylor B. Latitude is significantly associated with the prevalence of multiple sclerosis: a meta-analysis. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2011;82:1132–41.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Confavreux C, Vukusic S, Moreau T, Adeleine P. Relapses and progression of disability in multiple sclerosis. N Engl J Med. 2000;343:1430–8.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Thompson AJ, Polman CH, Miller DH, McDonald WI, Brochet B, Filippi M, et al. Primary progressive multiple sclerosis. Brain. 1997;120:1085–96.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. Tremlett H, Yinshan Zhao, Devonshire V. Natural history of secondary-progressive multiple sclerosis. Mult Scler. 2008;14:314–24.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Koch M, Kingwell E, Rieckmann P, Tremlett H, UBC MS Clinic Neurologists. The natural history of secondary progressive multiple sclerosis. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2010;81:1039–43.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Lublin FD, Reingold SC. Defining the clinical course of multiple sclerosis: results of an international survey. National Multiple Sclerosis Society (USA) Advisory Committee on Clinical Trials of New Agents in Multiple Sclerosis. Neurology. 1996;46:907–11.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Lublin FD, Reingold SC, Cohen JA, Cutter GR, Sørensen PS, Thompson AJ, et al. Defining the clinical course of multiple sclerosis: the 2013 revisions. Neurology. 2014;83:278–86.

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Trojano M, Lucchese G, Graziano G, Taylor BV, Simpson Jr S, Lepore V, et al. Geographical variations in sex ratio trends over time in multiple sclerosis. PLoS One. 2012;7(10), e48078.

    Article  CAS  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. Debouverie M. Gender as a prognostic factor and its impact on the incidence of multiple sclerosis in Lorraine, France. J Neurol Sci. 2009;286:14–7.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Brownlee WJ, Miller DH. Clinically isolated syndromes and the relationship to multiple sclerosis. J Clin Neurosci. 2014. doi:10.1016/j.jocn.2014.02.026. [Epub ahead of print].

  14. Miller DH, Chard DT, Ciccarelli O. Clinically isolated syndromes. Lancet Neurol. 2012;11:157–69.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Palace J. Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis and its place amongst other acute inflammatory demyelinating CNS disorders. J Neurol Sci. 2011;306:188–91.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. Leray E, Yaouanq J, Le Page E, Coustans M, Laplaud D, Oger J, et al. Evidence for a two-stage disability progression in multiple sclerosis. Brain. 2010;133:1900–13.

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. Scalfari A, Neuhaus A, Daumer M, Muraro PA, Ebers GC. Onset of secondary progressive phase and long-term evolution of multiple sclerosis. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2014;85:67–75.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  18. Harding KE, Wardle M, Moore P, Tomassini V, Pickersgill T, Ben-Shlomo Y, et al. Modelling the natural history of primary progressive multiple sclerosis. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2014. doi:10.1136/jnnp-2014-307791. [Epub ahead of print].

  19. Brochet B, Deloire MS, Ouallet JC, Salort E, Bonnet M, Jové J, et al. Pain and quality of life in the early stages after multiple sclerosis diagnosis: a 2-year longitudinal study. Clin J Pain. 2009;25:211–7.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  20. Krupp LB, Serafin DJ, Christodoulou C. Multiple sclerosis-associated fatigue. Expert Rev Neurother. 2010;10:1437–47.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  21. McCombe PA, Gordon TP, Jackson MW. Bladder dysfunction in multiple sclerosis. Expert Rev Neurother. 2009;9:331–40.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  22. Schumacher G, Beebe G, Kibler R, Kurland L, Kurtzke J, McDowell F. Problems of experimental trials of therapy in multiple sclerosis. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1965;122:552–68.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. McDonald WI, Compston A, Edan G, Goodkin D, Hartung HP, Lublin FD, et al. Recommended diagnostic criteria for multiple sclerosis: guidelines from the International Panel on the diagnosis of multiple sclerosis. Ann Neurol. 2001;50:121–7.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  24. Polman CH, Reingold SC, Edan G, Filippi M, Hartung HP, Kappos L, et al. Diagnostic criteria for multiple sclerosis: 2005 revisions to the “McDonald Criteria”. Ann Neurol. 2005;58:840–6.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  25. Polman CH, Reingold SC, Banwell B, Clanet M, Cohen JA, Filippi M, et al. Diagnostic criteria for multiple sclerosis: 2010 revisions to the McDonald criteria. Ann Neurol. 2011;69:292–302.

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  26. Lebrun C, Bensa C, Debouverie M, De Seze J, Wiertlievski S, Brochet B, et al. Unexpected multiple sclerosis: follow-up of 30 patients with magnetic resonance imaging and clinical conversion profile. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2008;79:195–8.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  27. Okuda DT, Siva A, Kantarci O, Inglese M, Katz I. Tutuncu M, et al; Radiologically isolated syndrome: 5-year risk for an initial clinical event. PLoS One. 2014;9, e90509.

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  28. Suzuki M, Kawasaki H, Masaki K, Suzuki SO, Terada T, Tsuchida T, et al. An autopsy case of the Marburg variant of multiple sclerosis (acute multiple sclerosis). Intern Med. 2013;52:1825–32.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  29. Kraus D, Konen O, Straussberg R. Schilder’s disease: non-invasive diagnosis and successful treatment with human immunoglobulins. Eur J Paediatr Neurol. 2012;16:206–8.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  30. Hardy TA, Miller DH. Baló’s concentric sclerosis. Lancet Neurol. 2014;13:740–6.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  31. Cabre P, Bonnan M, Olindo S, Brochet B, Samdja D. Neuromyélites optiques. Encclopédie Médico-Chirurgicale. 2007:17-066-A-57:1-13.

    Google Scholar 

  32. Lennon VA, Wingerchuk DM, Kryzer TJ, Pittock SJ, Lucchinetti CF, Fujihara K, et al. A serum autoantibody marker of neuromyelitis optica: distinction from multiple sclerosis. Lancet. 2004;364:2106–12.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  33. Jacob A, McKeon A, Nakashima I, Sato DK, Elsone L, Fujihara K, et al. Current concept of neuromyelitis optica (NMO) and NMO spectrum disorders. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2013;84:922–30.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  34. Collongues N, Marignier R, Zéphir H, Papeix C, Fontaine B, Blanc F, et al. Long-term follow-up of neuromyelitis optica with a pediatric onset. Neurology. 2010;75:1084–8.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  35. Collongues N, Marignier R, Zéphir H, Papeix C, Blanc F, Ritleng C, et al. Neuromyelitis optica in France: a multicenter study of 125 patients. Neurology. 2010;74:736–42.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  36. Wingerchuk DM, Lennon VA, Pittock SJ, Lucchinetti CF, Weinshenker BG. Revised diagnostic criteria for neuromyelitis optica. Neurology. 2006;66:1485–9.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  37. Wingerchuk DM, Lennon VA, Lucchinetti CF, Pittock SJ, Weinshenker BG. The spectrum of neuromyelitis optica. Lancet Neurol. 2007;6:805–15.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  38. Wingerchuk DM, Banwell B, Bennett J, Cabre P, Carroll W, Chitnis T, et al. Revised Diagnostic Criteria for Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorders. Abstract S 63.001, American Academy of Neurology 2014 Meeting.

    Google Scholar 

  39. Collongues N, Marignier R, Zéphir H, Blanc F, Vukusic S, Outteryck O, et al. High-risk syndrome for neuromyelitis optica: a descriptive and comparative study. Mult Scler. 2011;17:720–4.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  40. Petzold A, Plant GT. Chronic relapsing inflammatory optic neuropathy: a systematic review of 122 cases reported. J Neurol. 2014;261:17–26.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  41. Borchers AT, Gershwin ME. Transverse myelitis. Autoimmun Rev. 2012;11:231–48.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  42. Krupp LB, Tardieu M, Amato MP, Banwell B, Chitnis T, Dale RC, et al. International Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Study Group criteria for pediatric multiple sclerosis and immune-mediated central nervous system demyelinating disorders: revisions to the 2007 definitions. Mult Scler. 2013;19:1261–7.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  43. de Seze J, Debouverie M, Zephir H, Lebrun C, Blanc F, Bourg V, et al. Acute fulminant demyelinating disease: a descriptive study of 60 patients. Arch Neurol. 2007;64:1426–32.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  44. Ketelslegers IA, Neuteboom RF, Boon M, Catsman-Berrevoets CE, Hintzen RQ, Dutch Pediatric MS Study Group. A comparison of MRI criteria for diagnosing pediatric ADEM and MS. Neurology. 2010;74:1412–5.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  45. Lassmann H. Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis and multiple sclerosis. Brain. 2010;133:317–9.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  46. Hurst EW. Acute haemorrhagic leucoencephalitis: a previously undefined entity. Med J Aust. 1941;2:1–6.

    Google Scholar 

  47. Taieb G, Duflos C, Renard D, Audoin B, Kaphan E, Pelletier J, et al. Long-term outcomes of CLIPPERS (chronic lymphocytic inflammation with pontine perivascular enhancement responsive to steroids) in a consecutive series of 12 patients. Arch Neurol. 2012;69:847–55.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Neurology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Pellegrin, INSERM U 862, Université de Bordeaux, Place Amélie Raba Léon, Bordeaux, 33076, France

    Bruno Brochet MD

Authors
  1. Bruno Brochet MD
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Bruno Brochet MD .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Neurology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Pellegrin, INSERM U 862, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, Gironde, France

    Bruno Brochet

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2015 Springer International Publishing Switzerland

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Brochet, B. (2015). The Spectrum of Demyelinating Inflammatory Diseases of the Central Nervous System. In: Brochet, B. (eds) Neuropsychiatric Symptoms of Inflammatory Demyelinating Diseases. Neuropsychiatric Symptoms of Neurological Disease. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-18464-7_1

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-18464-7_1

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-18463-0

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-18464-7

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation