Abstract
There are a number of different cardiac emergencies that can face the neonatologist. Many of these relate to the initial presentation of congenital cardiac lesions (incidence 6–13 per 1,000 live births) (Reller et al. (2008) J Pediatr 153:807–813; Ishikawa T, Iwashima S, Ohishi A, et al. (2011) Acta Paediatr (Oslo, Norway: 1992) 100:e55–60; Ferencz et al. (1985) Am J Epidemiol 121:31–36). Rarer causes also include cardiac arrhythmias (1 in 25,000 for supraventricular tachycardia) (Dubin AM (2000) NeoReviews 1:e146–e151) and cardiomyopathies (5–9 per 100,000 infants) (Nugent et al. (2003) N Engl J Med 348:1639–1646; Lipshultz et al. (2003) N Engl J Med 348:1647–1655) which can lead to hemodynamic decompensation in the neonate. Furthermore, iatrogenic injuries caused by interventions can lead to emergencies such as cardiac tamponade.
These particular pathologies can present acutely and require prompt treatment by the attending physician. For the purposes of this chapter, the pathologies are split into four common presentations with the aim of providing a practical approach to cardiac emergencies in newborn.
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Shock/circulatory failure
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Cyanosis
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Acute heart failure
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Arrhythmias
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Mahoney, L., Rojas-Anaya, H., Rabe, H. (2018). Cardiac Emergencies in the Newborn. In: Buonocore, G., Bracci, R., Weindling, M. (eds) Neonatology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-18159-2_216-2
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Cardiac Emergencies in the Newborn- Published:
- 08 February 2018
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-18159-2_216-2
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Cardiac Emergencies in the Newborn- Published:
- 08 June 2016
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-18159-2_216-1