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Liquefied Natural Gas Carriers

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Springer Handbook of Ocean Engineering

Part of the book series: Springer Handbooks ((SHB))

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Abstract

Global energy demand is rising as the world’s population is growing. Various forecasts predict that by 2050, there could be 2.5 billion more humans than today, who would use twice the energy consumed today. Energy companies are examining all possible sources of energy as part of their widening portfolio.

Natural gas (GlossaryTerm

NG

) is an abundant resource that is still relatively a newer source for exploitation. With improving technology, GlossaryTerm

NG

can be an alternative fuel to generate electricity with operating costs comparable to coal or nuclear energy sources. Liquefaction of GlossaryTerm

NG

is an important part of the process, as liquefied natural gas (GlossaryTerm

LNG

) is compact and can be transported with special-purpose carrier vessels. Large offshore gas fields call for floating GlossaryTerm

LNG

(GlossaryTerm

FLNG

) terminals, which are capital and technology intensive. Various aspects of GlossaryTerm

FLNG

technology are being researched and developed currently. Notwithstanding this, companies are developing and deploying GlossaryTerm

FLNG

solutions based on past experience and proprietary technology. This chapter of the handbook deals with various aspects of GlossaryTerm

LNG

, design of carriers and especially the cargo holds, environmental and design challenges of these carriers and GlossaryTerm

FLNG

.

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Abbreviations

2-D:

two-dimensional

BOG:

boil-off gas

C3MR:

air products propane precooled mixed refrigerant

CFD:

Computational Fluid Dynamics

CNG:

compressed natural gas

FLNG:

floating liquefied natural gas

FPSO:

floating production, storage and offloading

FSRU:

floating regasification and storage unit

ID:

internal diameter

IHI:

Ishikawajima–Harima heavy industries

LNGC:

liquefied natural gas carrier

LNG:

liquefied natural gas

LOA:

length overall

MFC:

multi fluid cascade

NG:

natural gas

PU:

polyurethane

QTF:

quadratic transfer function

RAO:

response amplitude operator

STS:

ship-to-ship

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Dep. Mechanical Engineering, University of Maine, 5711 Boardman Hall, ME 04469, Orono, Maine, USA

    Krish P. Thiagarajan

  2. Facilities Engineering Dep., Chevron Energy Technology Company, 1400 Smith Street, TX 77002, Houston, Texas, USA

    Robert Seah

Authors
  1. Krish P. Thiagarajan
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  2. Robert Seah
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Krish P. Thiagarajan .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. The Inst. for Ocean and Systems Engineering – SeaTech, Florida Atlantic University, 101 North Beach Road, FL 33004, Dania Beach, Florida, USA

    Manhar R. Dhanak

  2. School of Naval Architecture & Marine Engineering, University of New Orleans, 2000 Lakeshore Drive, LA 70148, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA

    Nikolaos I. Xiros

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Thiagarajan, K.P., Seah, R. (2016). Liquefied Natural Gas Carriers. In: Dhanak, M.R., Xiros, N.I. (eds) Springer Handbook of Ocean Engineering. Springer Handbooks. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-16649-0_41

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-16649-0_41

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-16648-3

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-16649-0

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