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Gastrointestinal Complications of Cystic Fibrosis and Their Impact on Nutrition

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Nutrition in Cystic Fibrosis

Part of the book series: Nutrition and Health ((NH))

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Abstract

The impact of nutrition on clinical outcomes in cystic fibrosis patients has been well recognized for many years. Emphasis on addressing malnutrition through increasing caloric density and improving absorption with enzyme supplementation has been very successful in improving clinical status and decreasing mortality in affected patients. The primary role of the gastrointestinal tract in digestion and absorption of nutrients is affected by a congenital defect in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane regulator (CFTR) protein, responsible for movement of chloride and bicarbonate across the epithelial cell membrane. The ability to recognize, characterize, and recently reverse certain types of CFTR defects has been groundbreaking. Much damage is present at birth with intestinal obstruction, perforation, and pancreatic damage often preceding respiratory complications. Chronic gastrointestinal complications arise later. Monitoring for liver diseases and other gastrointestinal comorbidities is critical in the management of patients with cystic fibrosis. All of the gastrointestinal ailments seen in patients with cystic fibrosis have a potential to impact nutrition and morbidity of patients affected by this disease.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. WNY Pediatric Gastroenterology, 166 Washington Avenue, Batavia, NY, 14020, USA

    Daniel Gelfond M.D.

  2. University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA

    Daniel Gelfond M.D.

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  1. Daniel Gelfond M.D.
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Correspondence to Daniel Gelfond M.D. .

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  1. Department of Pediatrics, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA

    Elizabeth H. Yen

  2. Gastorenterology and Nutrition, The Johns Hopkins Children’s Center, Baltimore, Maryland, USA

    Amanda Radmer Leonard

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Gelfond, D. (2015). Gastrointestinal Complications of Cystic Fibrosis and Their Impact on Nutrition. In: Yen, E., Leonard, A. (eds) Nutrition in Cystic Fibrosis. Nutrition and Health. Humana Press, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-16387-1_12

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-16387-1_12

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