Abstract
Malaria is a preventable and curable but life-threatening disease caused by Plasmodium parasites that are transmitted to people through the bites of infected Anopheles mosquitoes. Approximately half of the world’s population is at risk although most malaria cases and deaths occur in sub-Saharan Africa. In 2013, 97 countries and territories had ongoing malaria transmission, including 21 countries from the region of the Americas. Early diagnosis and treatment reduces disease and transmission and prevents deaths. All cases of suspected malaria must be confirmed using parasite-based diagnostic testing before administering treatment. There are currently no licensed vaccines against malaria, and the risk of resistance to treatment remains a global threat, but effective antimalarial treatment combination options are available. In areas receptive and vulnerable to malaria, international travelers and migrants are recommended to take chemoprophylaxis. Vector control is a primary intervention that can reduce malaria transmission from very high levels. With the significant decline in malaria cases globally in recent years, and renewed global interest on effectively interrupting transmission, a number of countries with low and unstable transmission are currently working toward malaria elimination.
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Carter, K.H., Escalada, R.P., Singh, P. (2017). Malaria. In: Marcondes, C. (eds) Arthropod Borne Diseases. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-13884-8_20
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-13884-8_20
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