Skip to main content

Planning and Law in Evolving Governance

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Evolutionary Governance Theory

Abstract

This chapter presents a theoretical perspective on the roles of law in the evolution of planning systems. Three main roles of law in planning are distinguished: law can enable, delimit and codify planning. How these roles play out and relate to each other in the evolution of a planning system, will differ by community. In four scenario’s we discern key points regarding the relation between the roles of law in evolving spatial governance. Understanding the different roles of law in planning, and their interplay in the evolution of the planning system, adds to the scientific and societal debates on planning and law, where hitherto polarizing discourses (planning vs law) dominated the discussion. More broadly, our perspective on the enabling, codifying and delimiting functions of law in planning sheds a new light on the potential and limitation of both law and planning to shape the future of communities.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Notes

  1. 1.

    This scenario is inspired by experiences with the Minnesota Design Team, a volunteer-expert organization assisting local communities with planning and design, in the period 2006–2012. It is further underpinned by our research for a book on lakeside living in North America (Radomski and Van Assche 2014).

  2. 2.

    This scenario is inspired by our experiences in the Netherlands and Belgium in the period 1996–2014, as researcher and consultant for government; see e.g. Van Assche et al. (2012); Duineveld et al. (2009, 2013); Van Assche (2006); Beunen (2010); Duineveld (2006).

  3. 3.

    This scenario is inspired by our research on Soviet and post-Soviet planning in 2002–2012 and by the collective experiences at ZEF/Center for Development Research, Bonn University, in post-Soviet rural development in 2000–2012; see e.g. Van Assche et al. (2011, 2013), Djanibekov et al. (2013), Van Assche and Djanibekov (2012).

  4. 4.

    This scenario is mostly inspired by literature, e.g. Easterly (2006); Mansuri and Rao (2012); Ferguson (1994); Waters (2005); Brown et al. (2013); de Soto (2000). Further, it draws on conversations in 2010–2013 with the Africa-specialists at ZEF/Center for Development Research at Bonn University; project related in ZEF working papers 32, 41, 91, 99, 104, 110).

References

  • Acemoglu D, Robinson J (2012) Why nations fail. The origins of power, prosperity and poverty. Crown Business, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Adams D (1994) Urban planning and the development process. UCL Press, London

    Google Scholar 

  • Allina-Pisano J (2008) Post Soviet Potemkin villages. Politics and property rights in the black earth. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, MA

    Google Scholar 

  • Allmendinger P (2002) Planning theory. Palgrave, Basingstoke

    Google Scholar 

  • Arendt RG (1999) Growing greener. Putting conservation into local plans and ordinances. Island, Washington, DC

    Google Scholar 

  • Beunen R (2010) The governance of nature: how nature conservation ambitions have been dashed in planning practices. Wageningen University, Wageningen

    Google Scholar 

  • Beunen R, Duineveld M (2010) Divergence and convergence in policy meanings of European environmental policies: the case of the birds and habitats directives. Int Plann Stud 15(4):321–333. doi:10.1080/13563475.2010.517379

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Beunen R, Van Assche K (2013) Contested delineations: planning, law and the governance of protected areas. Environ Plann A 45(6):1285–1301

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Binelli M (2012) Detroit city is the place to be: the afterlife of an American metropolis. Henry Holt, New York, NY

    Google Scholar 

  • Bishwapriya S (ed) (2012) Comparative planning cultures. Routledge, New York, NY

    Google Scholar 

  • Blaesser BW, Weinstein AC (eds) (1989) Land use and the constitution. American Institute of Certified Planners, Chicago, IL

    Google Scholar 

  • Blomley NK, Clark GL (1990) Law, theory, and geography. Urban Geogr 11(5):433–446

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bohannan P (1969) Ethnography and comparison in legal anthropology. In: Nader L (ed) Law in culture and society. University of California Press, Berkeley, CA, pp 401–418

    Google Scholar 

  • Braverman I (2011) Hidden in plain view: legal geography from a visual perspective. Law Cult Humanit 72(2):173–186

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bromley D (1991) Environment and economy: property rights and public policy. Blackwell, Cambridge, MA

    Google Scholar 

  • Brown HCP, Smit B, Somorin OA, Sonwa DJ, Ngana F (2013) Institutional perceptions, adaptive capacity and climate change response in a post-conflict country: a case study from Central African Republic. Clim Dev 5(3):206–216

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cole DH, Grossman PZ (2002) The meaning of property rights: law vs economics. Land Econ 78(3):317–330

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Conley JM, O’Barr WM (1993) Legal anthropology comes home: a brief history of the ethnographic study of law. Loyola Los Angel Law Rev 27(1):40–64

    Google Scholar 

  • Dalla Longa R (2011) Urban models and public-private partnership. Springer, Heidelberg

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • de Soto H (2000) The mystery of capitalism: why capitalism triumphs in the west and fails everywhere else. Basic Books, New York, NY

    Google Scholar 

  • Delaney D, Blomely NK, Ford RT (eds) (2001) The legal geographies reader: law, power, and space. Blackwell, Oxford

    Google Scholar 

  • Djanibekov U, Van Assche K, Boezeman D, Djanibekov N (2013) Understanding contracts in evolving agro-economies: fermers, dekhqans and networks in Khorezm, Uzbekistan. J Rural Stud 32:137–147. doi:10.1016/j.jrurstud.2013.05.003

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Donovan JM (2008) Legal anthropology: an introduction. Altamira, Lanham, MD

    Google Scholar 

  • Duineveld M (2006) Van oude dingen, de mensen, die voorbij gaan. Over de voorwaarden meer recht te kunnen doen aan de door burgers gewaardeerde cultuurhistories. Eburon, Delft

    Google Scholar 

  • Duineveld M, Beunen R, Van Assche K, During R, van Ark R (2009) The relationship between description and prescription in transition research. In: Poppe KJ, Termeer C, Slingerland M (eds) Transitions towards sustainable agriculture and food chains in peri-urban areas. Wageningen Academic, Wageningen, p 392

    Google Scholar 

  • Duineveld M, Van Assche KAM, Beunen R (2013) Evolutionary governance theory and the production of space. Irreversibility, object formation and stabilization and in urban governance. Wageningen University Working Papers in Evolutionary Governance Theory 11

    Google Scholar 

  • Easterly W (2006) The white man’s burden: why the West’s efforts to aid the rest have done so much ill and so little good. Oxford University Press, Oxford

    Google Scholar 

  • Ellickson R (1991) Order without law. How neighbors settle disputes. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA

    Google Scholar 

  • Elliott D (2008) A better way to zone: ten principles to create livable cities. Island, Washington, DC

    Google Scholar 

  • Ferguson J (1994) The anti-politics machine: “development”, depolicization, and bureaucratic power in Lesotho. University of Minnesota Press, Minneapolis, MN

    Google Scholar 

  • Fischel WA (1987) The economics of zoning laws. A property rights approach to American land use controls. The Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, MD

    Google Scholar 

  • Fischler R (1998) Toward a genealogy of planning: zoning and the welfare state. Plann Perspect 13:389–410

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ford K (2010) The trouble with city planning: what New Orleans can teach use. Yale University Press, New Haven, CT

    Google Scholar 

  • Gallagher J (2010) Reimagining Detroit: opportunities for redefining an American city. Wayne State University Press, Detroit, MI

    Google Scholar 

  • Gel’man V (2004) Unrule of law in the making: the politics of informal Institution building in Russia. Eur Asia Stud 56(7):1021–1040

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gerber E (1999) The populist paradox: interest group influence and the promise of direct legislation. Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ

    Google Scholar 

  • Greif A (2006) Institutions and the path to the modern economy: lessons from medieval trade. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, MA

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Grossfeld B (1983) Geography and law. Mich Law Rev 82(5/6):1510–1519

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hayoz N, Giordano C (2013) Informality in Eastern Europe. Peter Lang, Frankfurt

    Google Scholar 

  • Hillier J (2002) Shadows of power: an allegory of prudence in land-use planning. Routledge, New York, NY

    Google Scholar 

  • Jacobs H (ed) (2004) Private property in the 21st century: the future of an American ideal. Edward Elgar, Cheltenham

    Google Scholar 

  • King M, Thornhill E (2003) Niklas Luhmann’s theory of politics and law. Palgrave Macmillan, Basingstoke

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Leinfelder H, Allaert G (2010) Increasing societal discomfort about a dominant restrictive planning discourse on open space in Flanders, Belgium. Eur Plann Stud 18(11):1787–1804

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Luhmann N (1990) Political theory in the welfare state. Mouton de Gruyter, Berlin

    Google Scholar 

  • Luhmann N (1995) Social systems. Stanford University Press, Stanford, CA

    Google Scholar 

  • Luhmann N (2004) Law as a social system. Oxford University Press, Oxford

    Google Scholar 

  • Makielski SJ (1966) The Politics of zoning: the New York experience. Columbia University Press, New York, NY

    Google Scholar 

  • Mansuri G, Rao V (2012) Localizing development: does participation work? The World Bank, Washington, DC

    Google Scholar 

  • McDowell A (2002) From commons to claims: property rights in the California gold rush. Yale J Law Humanit 14(1):34–39

    Google Scholar 

  • Mehrhoff WA (1999) Community design: a team approach to dynamic community systems. Sage, Thousand Oaks, CA

    Google Scholar 

  • Needham B (2006) Planning, law and economics. An investigation of the rules we make for using land. Routledge, London

    Google Scholar 

  • North DC (2005) Understanding the process of economic change. Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ

    Google Scholar 

  • Ohm BW (2000) Reforming land planning legislation at the dawn of the 21st century: the emerging influence of smart growth and livable communities. Urban Law 32:181

    Google Scholar 

  • Ostrom E (2005) Understanding institutional diversity. Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ

    Google Scholar 

  • Othengrafen F, Reimer M (2013) The embeddedness of planning in cultural contexts: theoretical foundations for the analysis of dynamic planning cultures. Environ Plann A 45(6):1269–1284

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Patashnik E (2003) After the public interest prevails: the political sustainability of policy reform. Governance 16(2):203–234

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Peterson J (2003) The birth of city planning in the United States. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, MD

    Google Scholar 

  • Platt RH (2004) Land use and society: geography, law, and public policy. Island, Washington, DC

    Google Scholar 

  • Posner RA (2003) Law, pragmatism, and democracy. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA

    Google Scholar 

  • Pottage A (2004) The fabrication of persons and things. In: Pottage A, Mundy M (eds) Law, anthropology and the constitution of the social. Making persons and things. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, MA, pp 1–39

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Radomski P, Van Assche K (2014) Lakeshore living designing lake places and communities in the footprints of environmental writers. Michigan State University Press, East Lansing, MI

    Google Scholar 

  • Reynolds S (2010) Before eminent domain: towards a history of expropriation of land for the common good. UNC Press, Chapel Hill, NC

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Rosenberg GN (1991) The hollow hope: can courts bring about social change? University of Chicago, Chicago, IL

    Google Scholar 

  • Salet WG, Thornley A, Kreukels A (eds) (2003) Metropolitan governance and spatial planning: comparative case studies of European city-regions. Taylor & Francis, London

    Google Scholar 

  • Schlager E, Ostrom E (1992) Property-rights regimes and natural-resources. A conceptual analysis. Land Econ 68(3):249–262

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Scott JC (1998) Seeing like a state: how certain schemes to improve the human condition have failed. Yale agrarian studies. Yale University Press, New Haven, CT

    Google Scholar 

  • Seabright P (2010) The company of strangers: a natural history of economic life. Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ

    Google Scholar 

  • Seidl D (2005) Organizational identity and self-transformation. An autopoietic perspective. Ashgate, Aldershot

    Google Scholar 

  • Stallworthy M (2002) Sustainable land use and the environment, a legal analysis. Cavendish, London

    Google Scholar 

  • Stein R (2009) Rule of law: what does it mean? Minn J Int Law 18:293

    Google Scholar 

  • Stichweh R (2000) Die weltgesellschaft. Soziologische analysen. Suhrkamp, Frankfurt

    Google Scholar 

  • Teubner G (ed) (1988) Autopoietic law: a new approach to law and society. Walter de Gruyter, Berlin

    Google Scholar 

  • Teubner G (1989) How the law thinks: towards a constructivist epistemology of Law. Law Soc Rev 23(5):727–758

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Teubner G (1997) The king’s many bodies: the self-deconstruction of law’s hierarchy. Law Soc Rev 31(4):763–788

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Thelen K (1999) Historical institutionalism in comparative politics. Annu Rev Polit Sci 2(1):369–404

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Valverde M (2011) Seeing like a city: the dialectic of modern and premodern ways of seeing in urban governance. Law Soc Rev 45(2):277–312

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Van Assche K (2006) Over goede bedoelingen en hun schadelijke bijwerkingen: essay over flexibiliteit, ruimtelijke ordening en systeemtheorie. InnovatieNetwerk, Utrecht

    Google Scholar 

  • Van Assche K, Djanibekov N (2012) Spatial planning as policy integration: the need for an evolutionary perspective. Lessons from Uzbekistan. Land Use Policy 29(1):179–186. doi:10.1016/j.landusepol.2011.06.004

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Van Assche K, Verschraegen G (2008) The limits of planning: Niklas Luhmann’s systems theory and the analysis of planning and planning ambitions. Plann Theor 7(3):263–283

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Van Assche K, Beunen R, Jacobs J, Teampau P (2011) Crossing trails in the marshes: rigidity and flexibility in the governance of the Danube Delta. J Environ Plann Manag 54(8):997–1018. doi:10.1080/09640568.2010.547687

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Van Assche K, Beunen R, Duineveld M (2012) Performing success and failure in governance: Dutch planning experiences. Publ Admin 90(3):567–581. doi:10.1111/j.1467-9299.2011.01972.x

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Van Assche K, Shtaltovna A, Hornidge A-K (2013) Visible and invisible informalities and institutional transformation. Lessons from transition countries: Georgia, Romania, Uzbekistan. In: Hayoz N, Giordano C (eds) Informality and post-socialist transition. Peter Lang, Frankfurt

    Google Scholar 

  • Van Assche K, Beunen R, Duineveld M (2014a) Formal/informal dialectics and the self-transformation of spatial planning systems: an exploration. Admin Soc 46:654–683

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Van Assche K, Beunen R, Duineveld M (2014b) Evolutionary governance theory: an introduction. Springer briefs in economics. Springer, Heidelberg

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • van Dijk T, Beunen R (2009) Laws, people and land use: a sociological perspective on the relation between laws and land use. Eur Plann Stud 17(12):1797–1815. doi:10.1080/09654310903322314

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Verdery K (2003) The vanishing hectare: property and value in postsocialist Transylvania. Cornell University Press, Ithaca, NY

    Google Scholar 

  • Von Benda-Beckman F (2002) Who’s afraid of legal pluralism? J Legal Pluralism 47:37–83

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Waterhout B, Othengrafen F, Sykes O (2013) Neo-liberalization processes and spatial planning in France, Germany, and the Netherlands: an exploration. Plann Pract Res 28(1):141–159

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Waters CP (2005) Post-conflict legal education. J Confl Secur Law 10(1):109–119

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Kristof Van Assche .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2015 Springer International Publishing Switzerland

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Van Assche, K., Beunen, R., Smit, A., Verschraegen, G. (2015). Planning and Law in Evolving Governance. In: Beunen, R., Van Assche, K., Duineveld, M. (eds) Evolutionary Governance Theory. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-12274-8_3

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics