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Psychosis (Schizophrenia Spectrum and Other Psychotic Disorders)

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Handbook of Consultation-Liaison Psychiatry

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Abstract

The symptoms and signs of psychosis are perceptual, cognitive, and behavioral abnormalities that suggest an involuntary break with reality. Cardinal symptoms include hallucinations, delusions, illusions, and bizarre behavior. Loose associations, tangentiality, flight of ideas, and illogical or incoherent speech may be present. Anxiety, agitation, insomnia, depression, euphoria, and suicidal or homicidal behavior may occur, often secondary to the delusions or hallucinations. Though patients with psychosis may seem bizarre, all normal people have at times experiences such as hallucinations and delusions, for example, during dreaming. Most normal people are capable of having psychotic experiences while awake, under the influence of psychotomimetic drugs such as d-lysergic acid (LSD) or under sensory deprivation conditions. In fact, delirium due to any cause is often associated with psychotic symptoms. We all possess the capacity for the psychotic mode of experiencing reality-the difference between this and psychosis as a syndrome the lack of control over the experience in the latter. The lack of control seen in psychosis may be due to endogenous or exogenous toxins, extreme stress, or neurodevelopmental abnormality. The diagnosis and treatment of psychotic syndromes are discussed.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA

    Hoyle Leigh MD, DLFAPA, FACP, FAPM (Professor of Psychiatry, Director)

  2. Psychosomatic Medicine Program & Psychiatric Consultation-Liaison Service, UCSF-Fresno, 155N. Fresno St., Fresno, CA, 93701, USA

    Hoyle Leigh MD, DLFAPA, FACP, FAPM (Professor of Psychiatry, Director)

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  1. Hoyle Leigh MD, DLFAPA, FACP, FAPM
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Correspondence to Hoyle Leigh MD, DLFAPA, FACP, FAPM .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco, Fresno Community Regional Medical Center, Fresno, California, USA

    Hoyle Leigh

  2. University of Hawaii at Manoa Department of Psychiatry, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA

    Jon Streltzer

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© 2015 Hoyle Leigh & Jon Streltzer

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Leigh, H. (2015). Psychosis (Schizophrenia Spectrum and Other Psychotic Disorders). In: Leigh, H., Streltzer, J. (eds) Handbook of Consultation-Liaison Psychiatry. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-11005-9_19

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-11005-9_19

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  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-11004-2

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-11005-9

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