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Non-R&D-Intensive Firms’ Innovation Sourcing

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Low-tech Innovation

Abstract

In times of increasing technological complexity and innovation dynamics, firms are no longer willing or able to have all the necessary knowledge and competences available within their enterprises. It is becoming increasingly more important for firms to explore and exploit external sources of knowledge and innovation impulses if they follow an open innovation approach. Based on novel empirical firm-level data, this chapter examines the types of external sources of knowledge and innovation impulses on which firms with different levels of R&D intensity rely and the types of external partners with which they interact in innovation collaborations. The findings show that both non-R&D-performing and non-R&D-intensive firms succeed in tapping into external sources of innovation knowledge but that they are more oriented towards practical and implicit stocks of knowledge coming from partners along their value chains or markets compared with R&D-intensive firms. As a result, both types of firms have large unused potential with regard to their collaboration activities, especially those with external R&D organisations.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    Until recently, the OSLO Manual has been published in three revisions (1992, 1997, and 2005), each taking into account the progress made in understanding the innovation process and its economic impact.

  2. 2.

    For a brief overview on the knowledge-based view of the firm, its different dimensions and concepts, and suggestions for further reading, see Som 2012, pp. 191 ff.

  3. 3.

    For example, Haas and Hansen (2005) view organisational knowledge as “[…] a property of the overall firm, rather than of individual members or task units”. Likewise, Dyer and Hatch (2006) stress the social dimension of organisational knowledge, as they argue that individual explicit or tacit knowledge does not become relevant for a firm’s competitive performance until it is “[…] embedded in the firm's routines, human skills, and relationships”. In contrast, Berman et al. (2002) suggest that the organisational knowledge that is required to perform a complex task is diffused among the individuals in a firm. Each individual possesses only a part of the entire organisation's knowledge.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Competence Center Industrial and Service Innovations, Fraunhofer Institute for Systems and Innovation Research ISI, 76139, Karlsruhe, Germany

    Oliver Som & Angela Jäger

  2. Furtwangen University (FHU), Villingen-Schwenningen, Germany

    Eva Kirner

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  1. Fraunhofer Institute for Systems and Innovation Research ISI, Karlsruhe, Germany

    Oliver Som

  2. Hochschule Furtwangen University, Villingen-Schwenningen, Germany

    Eva Kirner

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Som, O., Kirner, E., Jäger, A. (2015). Non-R&D-Intensive Firms’ Innovation Sourcing. In: Som, O., Kirner, E. (eds) Low-tech Innovation. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-09973-6_8

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