Abstract
The idea that one completes one’s education – majoring in one field to prepare for a specific career and then leaving school to work until retirement – is obsolete. Educational institutions will need to transform themselves fundamentally to incorporate a new convergent culture that unites all fields while providing personalized instruction to meet the individual needs of each person, as those needs evolve over the lifetime. The new culture will be shared by new ecosystems of teachers and learners whose interactions will extend beyond the classroom to incorporate perspectives from all sectors of society. This chapter introduces a four-dimensional framework for developing and sustaining a convergence culture in education.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Similar content being viewed by others
References
ACT (2013) The condition of work readiness in the United States. http://www.act.org/research/policymakers/pdf/ConditionWorkReadiness.pdf. Accessed 25 Feb 2015
Boss S, Larmer J, Mergendoller J (2013) PBL for 21st century success: teaching critical thinking, collaboration, communication, and creativity. Buck Institute for Education, Novato
Boyer Commission on Educating Undergraduates in the Research University (1998) Reinventing undergraduate education: a blueprint for America’s research universities. Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching, Menlo Park. http://www.niu.edu/engagedlearning/research/pdfs/Boyer_Report.pdf. Accessed 9 Sept 2014
Churches A (2009) Bloom’s digital taxonomy. http://edorigami.wikispaces.com/file/view/bloom%27s%20Digital%20taxonomy%20v3.01.pdf/65720266/bloom%27s%20Digital%20taxonomy%20v3.01.pdf. Accessed 11 Dec 2014
Committee on Facilitating Interdisciplinary Research, Committee on Science, Engineering, and Public Policy (2004) Facilitating interdisciplinary research. National Academy Press, Washington, DC, p 2
Committee on K-12 Engineering Education (2009) In: Linda K, Greg P, Michael F, National Academy of Engineering and National Research Council (eds) Engineering in K-12 education: understanding the status and improving the prospects. The National Academies Press, Washington, DC. http://www.nap.edu/openbook.php?record_id=12635. Accessed 12 Oct 2014
Edutopia (2010) Project Learning: Expeditions in Portland, Maine. http://www.edutopia.org/stw-maine-project-based-learning-overview-video. Accessed 12 Oct 2014
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (2007) Climate Change: 2007 Synthesis Report: Summary for Policy Makers. http://www.ipcc.ch/pdf/assessmentreport/ar4/syr/ar4_syr_spm.pdf. Accessed 27 Oct 2014
Isaacson W (2014) The innovators: how a group of hackers, geniuses, and geeks created the digital revolution. Simon and Schuster, New York
Kemple JJ (2008) Career academies: long-term impacts on work, education, and transitions to adulthood. MDRC, New York
http://www.mdrc.org/publication/career-academies-long-term-impacts-work-education-and-transitions-adulthood. Accessed 9 Sept 2014
Kuczera M, Field S (2013) A skills beyond school review of the United States, OECD reviews of vocational education and training. OECD Publishing. http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/9789264202153-en. Accessed 25 Feb 2015
NGSS Lead States (2013) Next generation science standards: for states, by states. The National Academies Press, Washington, DC
National Center for Education Statistics (2014) Program for International Student Assessment (PISA): PISA 2012 results in science literacy and mathematics literacy. http://nces.ed.gov/surveys/pisa/pisa2012/pisa2012highlights_4a.asp http://nces.ed.gov/surveys/pisa/pisa2012/pisa2012highlights_3a.asp. Accessed 10 Dec 2014
National Center for Public Policy and Higher Education (2010) Beyond the rhetoric: improving college readiness through coherent state policy: a special report by the National Center for Public Policy and Higher Education and the Southern Education Board. http://www.highereducation.org/reports/college_readiness/CollegeReadiness.pdf. Accessed 10 Dec 2014
National Governors Association Center for Best Practices, Council of Chief State School Officers (2010) Common core state standards. Washington, DC
National Science Board (2014) Science and engineering indicators 2014. National Science Foundation (NSB 14–01), Arlington. http://www.nsf.gov/statistics/seind14/. Accessed 10 Dec 2014
National Science Foundation Research Experiences for Teachers (RET) Program. Website http://www.nsf.gov/funding/pgm_summ.jsp?pims_id=5736. Accessed 9 Sept 2014
Norman D (1988) The design of everyday things. Basic Books, New York
OECD (2003) Learners for life: student approaches to learning: results from PISA 2000. OECD, Paris. doi:10.1787/9789264103917-en
Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (2013) Education at a glance 2013: OECD indicators. OECD. http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/eag-2013-en. Accessed 10 Dec 2014
Partnership for 21st Century Skills (2011) Framework for 21st century learning. Partnership for 21st Century Skills, Washington, DC
Roco M, Bainbridge WS, Tonn B, Whitesides G (2013) Convergence of knowledge, technology, and society: beyond convergence of nano-bio-info-cognitive technologies. Springer, Dordrecht
Stinebrickner R, Stinebrickner TR (2014) A major in science? Initial beliefs and final outcomes for college major and dropout, vol 81, no 1, Review of economic studies. Oxford University Press, New York, pp 426–472
Stirling A (2014) Disciplinary dilemma: working across research silos is harder than it looks. The Guardian. http://www.theguardian.com/science/political-science/2014/jun/11/science-policy-research-silos-interdisciplinarity. Accessed 10 Dec 2014
Waters Foundation (2014) Systems thinking definitions. http://watersfoundation.org/systems-thinking/definitions/. Accessed 10 Dec 2014
White House Office of the Press Secretary (2012) Remarks by the president in state of the Union address, 24 Jan 2012. United States Capitol, Washington, DC. http://www.whitehouse.gov/the-press-office/2012/01/24/remarks-president-state-union-address. Accessed 10 Dec 2014
Young J (2014) Are courses outdated? MIT considers offering “modules” instead. Chronicle of Higher Education Wired Campus Blog. The latest on tech and education. http://chronicle.com/blogs/wiredcampus/are-courses-outdated-mit-considers-offering-modules-instead/54257. Accessed 9 Sept 2014
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2016 Springer International Publishing Switzerland
About this entry
Cite this entry
Chang, R.P.H., Shanahan, J., Hsu, M. (2016). Reconceptualization of Education. In: Bainbridge, W., Roco, M. (eds) Handbook of Science and Technology Convergence. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-07052-0_55
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-07052-0_55
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-07051-3
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-07052-0
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceReference Module Computer Science and Engineering