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Acne Models

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Drug Discovery and Evaluation: Pharmacological Assays

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Abstract

Bioassays for topical antiandrogens are based on inhibition of sebum secretion. Sebum production is increased by endogenous or exogenous androgens in many species including humans. In the mouse (Lapière and Chèvremont 1953; Neumann and Elger 1966), the Mongolian gerbil (Mitchell 1965) and the golden hamster (Hamilton and Montagna 1950), the male sex hormone stimulates sebum production and sebaceous gland growth. Morphometric evaluation by light microscopy in the rat has shown that castration causes a large reduction in the volume of the glands (Sauter and Loud 1975). The administration of testosterone over several days produces an enlargement of the sebaceous glands. Early transformations, which take place in the morphology of the organelles in sebaceous cells, can be observed by electron microscopy. In the cytoplasm of intermediate cells, a large number of vesicular elements derived from the smooth endoplasmic reticulum are formed, participating in the synthesis of lipids which appear as droplets of varying size (Karasek 1968; Morohashi 1968). Following an increase of lipid droplets, the cells increase in size, become totally differentiated, and are pushed toward the apex of the gland where they break up and release their content (sebum) into the infundibulum. This effect is used for morphometric evaluation of topical antiandrogens.

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  1. Department of Dermatology, UC San Francisco, 90 Medical Center Way, Surge 110, 0989, San Francisco, CA, 94143-0989, USA

    Howard Maibach

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Correspondence to Howard Maibach .

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  1. CorDynamics, Dieburg, Germany

    Franz J. Hock

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Maibach, H. (2016). Acne Models. In: Hock, F. (eds) Drug Discovery and Evaluation: Pharmacological Assays. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-05392-9_104

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