Abstract
The pioneering work of Carl Koller (1884) on the anesthetic effect of cocaine in the context of ophthalmic surgery was the historical starting point for local and regional anesthesia. Local anesthesia is commonly used today for majority of ophthalmic surgical procedures. Cataract surgery is the most common surgery and local anesthesia is the norm, but the provision of anesthesia varies worldwide but exact frequency of the use of a particular technique is not known. Patient comfort, safety, and low complication rates are the essentials of local anesthesia. The technique is chosen to provide anesthesia with or without reduction of eye movements. Ophthalmic blocks can be achieved by inserting a needle or a blunt cannula.
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van Zundert, A., Kumar, C., Jankovic, D. (2015). Regional Anesthesia in Ophthalmology. In: Regional Nerve Blocks in Anesthesia and Pain Therapy. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-05131-4_6
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-05131-4_6
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