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Isolation, Purification, and Nanotechnological Applications of Chitosan

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Polysaccharides

Abstract

The advent of nanotechnology has given a new momentum to enhance the inherent characteristics of naturally occurring polysaccharides when these are subjected to nanofabrication. At the nanoscale, the functionality of the polysaccharides is changed drastically. Many properties are concealed in the polysaccharides that are perhaps not yet discovered. The exploration of nanotechnology to engineer polysaccharides may open up a new horizon that can noticeably change every aspect of human life. In this context, chitosan, as one of the important polysaccharides, will only be studied thoroughly not only because of its abundant availability in nature but its versatility in various biomedical and industrial applications as well. Usually, chitosan is found in the exoskeleton of crab, shrimp, prawn, lobster, squid pen, etc. There is a great impact on the properties of chitosan depending on the nature of methods of extraction. That is why the selection of gentle methods for isolation and purification of chitosan from various sources plays a pivotal role. This chapter will mainly emphasize on the isolation and purification method of chitosan as well as nanotechnological applications of selective chitosan-based derivatives.

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Abbreviations

ACE:

Angiotensin-converting enzyme

CDA:

Chitin deacetylase

CS-g-PEG:

Chitosan-graft-poly(ethylene glycol)

DMAc:

Dimethyl acetamide

DMF:

Dimethyl formamide

EDAC:

1-Ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride

EDTA:

Ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid

FA:

Folic acid

G. tsugae :

Ganoderma tsugae

HFIP:

Hexafluoroisopropanol

mPEG:

Monomethyl poly(ethylene glycol)

NaBH3CN:

Sodium cyanoborohydride

NaBH4 :

Sodium borohydride

NCMC:

N-carboxymethyl chitosan

NMMNO:

N-methylmorpholine N-oxide

PEI-PEG:

Polyethylenimine-poly(ethylene glycol)

SBP:

Systolic blood pressure

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemistry, Amity School of Applied Sciences, Amity University Haryana, Village Pachgaon, Near IMT Manesar, Gurgaon, Haryana, 122413, India

    Joydeep Dutta

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  1. Joydeep Dutta
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Correspondence to Joydeep Dutta .

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  1. Botany Department, M.L.Sukhadia University, Badgaon, India

    Kishan Gopal Ramawat

  2. Institut des Sciences de la Vigne et du Vin, Université de Bordeaux, Villenave d'Ornon, France

    Jean-Michel Mérillon

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Dutta, J. (2014). Isolation, Purification, and Nanotechnological Applications of Chitosan . In: Ramawat, K., Mérillon, JM. (eds) Polysaccharides. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-03751-6_45-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-03751-6_45-1

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  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-03751-6

  • eBook Packages: Springer Reference Chemistry and Mat. ScienceReference Module Physical and Materials ScienceReference Module Chemistry, Materials and Physics

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