Abstract
This article presents the results of an online creativity experiment (N = 81) that examines the effect of example timing on creative output. In the between-subjects experiment, participants drew animals to inhabit an alien Earth-like planet while being exposed to examples early, late, or repeatedly during the experiment. We find that exposure to examples increases conformity. Early exposure to examples improves creativity (measured by the number of common and novel features in drawings, and subjective ratings by independent raters). Repeated exposure to examples interspersed with prototyping leads to even better results. However, late exposure to examples increases conformity, but does not improve creativity.
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Notes
- 1.
Since the number of drawings is not a repeated measure, analysis uses a fixed-effects model with interaction, the experimental condition and the type of session being independent variables.
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We thank the Hasso Plattner Design Thinking Research Program for supporting this work.
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Kulkarni, C., Dow, S.P., Klemmer, S.R. (2014). Early and Repeated Exposure to Examples Improves Creative Work. In: Leifer, L., Plattner, H., Meinel, C. (eds) Design Thinking Research. Understanding Innovation. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-01303-9_4
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