Abstract
It is necessary to properly understand all biological processes behind the growth and development of the tissue if we want the tissue regeneration procedure to become part of daily practice. Tissue engineering is an interdisciplinary area that aims to discover new approaches to treating various medical conditions, and dentistry is no exception. In the last couple of years, studies on stem cells and tissue engineering have reported some new findings in dentistry that can give us hope in developing new guidelines and improving the old ones. There is excellent attention in researching this topic because most professionals, clinical practitioners, and researchers will agree that the best replacement for the lost tissue is not some material or artificial replacement but the biological tissue itself. It becomes essential with the fact that the average expected lifetime in this century will extend, which will make preserving teeth and oral structures even more meaningful. The broader application of procedures based on stem cells in dentistry could change daily practice and techniques that clinicians use in treating patients. Almost every branch of dentistry could benefit from these new findings. However, some obstacles should be resolved before stem cell therapy becomes part of daily dental practice.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Abbass, M.M.S., et al.: Hydrogels and dentin-pulp complex regeneration: from the benchtop to clinical translation. Polymers 12(12), 2935 (2020). https://doi.org/10.3390/polym12122935
Abuarqoub, D., Aslam, N., Almajali, B., Shajrawi, L., Jafar, H., Awidi, A.: Neuro-regenerative potential of dental stem cells: a concise review. Cell Tissue Res. 382(2), 267–279 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00441-020-03255-0
Ahmed, G.M., et al.: Cell-based transplantation versus cell homing approaches for pulp-dentin complex regeneration. Stem Cells Int. 2021, 8483668 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/8483668
Al-Moraissi, E.A., Oginni, F.O., Mahyoub Holkom, M.A., Mohamed, A.A.S., Al-Sharani, H.M.: Tissue-engineered bone using mesenchymal stem cells versus conventional bone grafts in the regeneration of maxillary alveolar bone: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Int. J. Oral Maxillofacial Implants 35(1), 79–90. https://doi.org/10.11607/jomi.7682(2020)
Anitua, E., Troya, M., Zalduendo, M.: Progress in the use of dental pulp stem cells in regenerative medicine. Cytotherapy 20(4), 479–498 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcyt.2017.12.011
Annamalai, R.T., Hong, X., Schott, N.G., Tiruchinapally, G., Levi, B., Stegemann, J.P.: Injectable osteogenic microtissues containing mesenchymal stromal cells conformally fill and repair critical-size defects. Biomaterials 208, 32–44 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biomaterials.2019.04.001
Bakhtiar, H., Mazidi S.A., Mohammadi Asl, S., Ellini, M.R., Moshiri, A., Nekoofar, M.H., Dummer, P.M.H.: The role of stem cell therapy in regeneration of dentinepulp complex: a systematic review. Progress Biomaterials 7(4), 249–268 (2018).https://doi.org/10.1007/s40204-018-0100-7
Bhatt, A., Le, A.D.: Craniofacial tissue regeneration: where are we? J. Calif. Dent. Assoc. 37(11), 799–803 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1080/19424396.2009.12223034
Bisht, B., Hope, A., Mukherjee, A., Paul, M.K.: Advances in the fabrication of scaffold and 3D printing of biomimetic bone graft. Ann. Biomed. Eng. 49(4), 1128–1150 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10439-021-02752-9
Bobrie, A., Colombo, M., Raposo, G., Théry, C.: Exosome secretion: molecular mechanisms and roles in immune responses. Traffic (Copenhagen, Denmark) 12(12), 1659–1668 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0854.2011.01225.x
Caballero Aguilar, L.M., Silva, S.M., Moulton, S.E.: Growth factor delivery: Defining the next generation platforms for tissue engineering. Journal of controlled release: official journal of the Controlled Release Society 306, 40–58 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jconrel.2019.05.028
Cai, J., Cho, S.W., Kim, J.Y., Lee, M.J., Cha, Y.G., Jung, H.S.: Patterning the size and number of tooth and its cusps. Dev. Biol. 304(2), 499–507 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ydbio.2007.01.002
Calamari, Z.T., Hu, J.K., Klein, O.D.: Tissue mechanical forces and evolutionary developmental changes act through space and time to shape tooth morphology and function. BioEssays: news and reviews in molecular, cellular and developmental biology 40(12), e1800140 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1002/bies.201800140
Calamita, M., Coachman, C., Sesma, N., Kois, J.: Occlusal vertical dimension: treatment planning decisions and management considerations. Int. J. Esthetic Dentistry 14(2), 166–181 (2019)
Carlsson, L., Röstlund, T., Albrektsson, B., Albrektsson, T., Brånemark, P.I.: Osseointegration of titanium implants. Acta Orthop. Scand. 57(4), 285–289 (1986). https://doi.org/10.3109/17453678608994393
Casagrande, L., Cordeiro, M.M., Nör, S.A., Nör, J.E.: Dental pulp stem cells in regenerative dentistry. Odontology 99(1), 1–7 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10266-010-0154-z
Catón, J., Bostanci, N., Remboutsika, E., De Bari, C., Mitsiadis, T.A.: Future dentistry: cell therapy meets tooth and periodontal repair and regeneration. J. Cellular Molecular Med. 15(5), 1054–1065 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1582-4934.2010.01251.x
Chen, H., et al.: Acellular synthesis of a human enamel-like microstructure. Adv. Mater. 18(14), 1846–1851 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.200502401
Chen, S., Xie, H., Zhao, S., Wang, S., Wei, X., Liu, S.: The genes involved in dentinogenesis. Organogenesis 18(1), 1–19 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1080/15476278.2021.2022373
Chen, Y., Huang, H., Li, G., Yu, J., Fang, F., Qiu, W.: Dental-derived mesenchymal stem cell sheets: a prospective tissue engineering for regenerative medicine. Stem Cell Res. Therapy 13(1) (2022). https://doi.org/10.1186/s13287-022-02716-3
Chew, J.R.J., et al.: Mesenchymal stem cell exosomes enhance periodontal ligament cell functions and promote periodontal regeneration. Acta Biomater. 89, 252–264 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actbio.2019.03.021
D’Albis, G., D’Albis, V., Palma, M., Plantamura, M., Nizar, A.K.: Use of hyaluronic acid for regeneration of maxillofacial bones. Genesis (New York, N.Y. 2000) 60(8–9), e23497 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1002/dvg.23497
DeRosa, T.A.: A retrospective evaluation of pulpotomy as an alternative to extraction. Gen. Dent. 54(1), 37–40 (2006)
Dong, R., Liu, Y., Yang, Y., Wang, H., Xu, Y., Zhang, Z.: MSC-derived exosomes-based therapy for peripheral nerve injury: a novel therapeutic strategy. Biomed. Res. Int. 2019, 6458237 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/6458237
Egido-Moreno, S., Valls-Roca-Umbert, J., Céspedes-Sánchez, J.M., López-López, J., Velasco-Ortega, E.: Clinical efficacy of mesenchymal stem cells in bone regeneration in oral implantology. Systematic review and meta-analysis. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 18(3), 894 (2021). https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18030894
Elani, H.W., Starr, J.R., Da Silva, J.D., Gallucci, G.O.: Trends in dental implant use in the U.S., 1999–2016, and projections to 2026. J. Dental Res. 97(13), 1424–1430 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1177/0022034518792567
Giuliani, A., et al.: Three years after transplants in human mandibles, histological and in-line holotomography revealed that stem cells regenerated a compact rather than a spongy bone: biological and clinical implications. Stem Cells Transl. Med. 2(4), 316–324 (2013). https://doi.org/10.5966/sctm.2012-0136
Gu, S., Ran, S., Qin, F., Cao, D., Wang, J., Liu, B., Liang, J.: Human dental pulp stem cells via the NF-κB pathway. Cellular physiology and biochemistry. Int. J. Exp. cellular Physiol. Biochem. Pharmacol. 36(5), 1725–1734 (2015).https://doi.org/10.1159/000430145
Hu, B., et al.: Bone marrow cells can give rise to ameloblast-like cells. J. Dental Res. 85(5), 416–421 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1177/154405910608500504
Jandt, K.D., Sigusch, B.W.: Future perspectives of resin-based dental materials. Dental materials: official publication of the academy of dental materials 25(8), 1001–1006 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dental.2009.02.009
Kim, S.G.: A cell-based approach to dental pulp regeneration using mesenchymal stem cells: a scoping review. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 22(9), 4357 (2021). https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22094357
Kitamura, M., et al.: FGF-2 stimulates periodontal regeneration: results of a multi-center randomized clinical trial. J. Dent. Res. 90(1), 35–40 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1177/0022034510384616
Lehmann, N., et al.: Self-etching increases matrix metalloproteinase expression in the dentin-pulp complex. J. Dent. Res. 88(1), 77–82 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1177/0022034508327925
Li, G., et al.: Adipose stem cells-derived exosomes modified gelatin sponge promotes bone regeneration. Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol. 11, 1096390 (2023). https://doi.org/10.3389/fbioe.2023.1096390
Li, Q., Yang, G., Li, J., Ding, M., Zhou, N., Dong, H., Mou, Y.: Stem cell therapies for periodontal tissue regeneration: a network meta-analysis of preclinical studies. Stem Cell Res. Therapy 11(1), 427 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1186/s13287-020-01938-7
Liu, Y., Zheng, Y., Ding, G., Fang, D., Zhang, C., Bartold, P.M., Gronthos, S., Shi, S., Wang, S.: Periodontal ligament stem cell-mediated treatment for periodontitis in miniature swine. Stem cells (Dayton, Ohio) 26(4), 1065–1073 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1634/stemcells.2007-0734
Liu, J., et al.: Periodontal bone-ligament-cementum regeneration via scaffolds and stem cells. Cells 8(6), 537 (2019). https://doi.org/10.3390/cells8060537
Ma, G., Wu, C., Shao, M.: Simultaneous implant placement with autogenous onlay bone grafts: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Int. J. Implant Dent. 7(1), 61 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40729-021-00311-4.PMID:33928458;PMCID:PMC8085156
Mao, J.J., et al.: Regenerative endodontics: barriers and strategies for clinical translation. Dent. Clin. North Am. 56(3), 639–649 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cden.2012.05.005
McGue, C.M., Mañón, V.A., Viet, C.T.: Advances in tissue engineering and implications for oral and maxillofacial reconstruction. J. Calif. Dent. Assoc. 49(11), 685–694 (2021)
McKenna, G.J., Gjengedal, H., Harkin, J., Holland, N., Moore, C., Srinivasan, M.: Effect of autogenous bone graft site on dental implant survival and donor site complications: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J. Evid. Based Dent. Pract. 22(3), 101731 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jebdp.2022.101731
Mehrali, M., Shirazi, F.S., Mehrali, M., Metselaar, H.S., Kadri, N.A., Osman, N.A.: Dental implants from functionally graded materials. J. Biomed. Mater. Res. Part A 101(10), 3046–3057 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1002/jbm.a.34588
Miller, C.P., Chiodo, C.P.: Autologous bone graft in foot and ankle surgery. Foot Ankle Clin. 21(4), 825–837 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcl.2016.07.007
Minervini, G., et al.: The association between COVID-19 related anxiety, stress, depression, temporomandibular disorders, and headaches from childhood to adulthood: a systematic review. Brain Sci. 13(3), 481 (2023). https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci13030481
Minervini, G., Del Mondo, D., Russo, D., Cervino, G., D’Amico, C., Fiorillo, L.: Stem cells in temporomandibular joint engineering: state of art and future persectives. J. Craniofac. Surg. 33(7), 2181–2187 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1097/SCS.0000000000008771
Minervini, G., D’Amico, C., Cicciù, M., Fiorillo, L.: Temporomandibular joint disk displacement: etiology, diagnosis, imaging, and therapeutic approaches. J. Craniofacial Surgery (2022). https://doi.org/10.1097/SCS.0000000000009103. Advance online publication.https://doi.org/10.1097/SCS.0000000000009103
Minervini, G., Cervino, G., Chaturvedi, S., Franco, R., di Francesco, F., Fiorillo, L., Cicciù, M.: Advanced method of rehabilitating edentulous Jaws: a review of telescopic denture. Technology and health care: official journal of the European Society for Engineering and Medicine, https://doi.org/10.3233/THC-220641. Advance online publication (2022).https://doi.org/10.3233/THC-220641
Minervini, G., et al.: Gaucher: a systematic review on oral and radiological aspects. Medicina 59(4), 670 (2023). https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina59040670
Minervini, G., et al.: Correlation between temporomandibular disorders (TMD) and posture evaluated trough the diagnostic criteria for temporomandibular disorders (DC/TMD): a systematic review with meta-analysis. J. Clinical Med. 12(7), 2652 (2023). https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm12072652
Mitsiadis, T.A., Graf, D.: Cell fate determination during tooth development and regeneration. Birth defects research. Part C, Embryo today: reviews 87(3), 199–211 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1002/bdrc.20160
Mitsiadis, T.A., Feki, A., Papaccio, G., Catón, J.: Dental pulp stem cells, niches, and notch signaling in tooth injury. Adv. Dent. Res. 23(3), 275–279 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1177/0022034511405386
Mitsiadis, T.A., Orsini, G., Jimenez-Rojo, L.: Stem cell-based approaches in dentistry. European Cells Mater. 30, 248–257 (2015). https://doi.org/10.22203/ecm.v030a17
Morsczeck, C., Reichert, T.E.: Dental stem cells in tooth regeneration and repair in the future. Expert opinion on biological therapy 18(2), 187–196 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1080/14712598.2018.1402004
Mosaddad, S.A., Rasoolzade, B., Namanloo, R.A., Azarpira, N., Dortaj, H.: Stem cells and common biomaterials in dentistry: a review study. Journal of materials science. Materials in medicine 33(7), 55 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10856-022-06676-1
Nakashima, M., et al.: Pulp regeneration by transplantation of dental pulp stem cells in pulpitis: a pilot clinical study. Stem Cell Res. Ther. 8(1), 61 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1186/s13287-017-0506-5
Nie, E., et al.: Effectiveness of direct pulp capping bioactive materials in dentin regeneration: a systematic review. Materials (Basel, Switzerland) 14(22), 6811 (2021). https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14226811
Opris, H., Baciut, M., Bran, S., Dinu, C., Armencea, G., Opris, D., Mitre, I., Manea, A., Stoia, S., Tamas, T., Barbur, I., Baciut, G.: Characterization of eggshell as a bio- regeneration material. Med. Pharmacy Reports 96(1), 93–100 (2023). https://doi.org/10.15386/mpr-2476
Orsini, G., Pagella, P., Mitsiadis, T.A.: Modern trends in dental medicine: an update for internists. Am. J. Med. 131(12), 1425–1430 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amjmed.2018.05.042
Pegtel, D.M., Gould, S.J.: Exosomes. Annu. Rev. Biochem. 88, 487–514 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-biochem-013118-111902
Piva, E., Silva, A.F., Nör, J.E.: Functionalized scaffolds to control dental pulp stem cell fate. J. Endodontics 40(4 Suppl), S33–S40 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joen.2014.01.013
Potdar, P.D., Jethmalani, Y.D.: Human dental pulp stem cells: applications in future regenerative medicine. World J. Stem Cells 7(5), 839–851 (2015). https://doi.org/10.4252/wjsc.v7.i5.839
Qasim, S.S.B., Al-Otaibi, D., Al-Jasser, R., Gul, S.S., Zafar, M.S.: An evidence-based update on the molecular mechanisms underlying periodontal diseases. Int. J. Molecular Sci. 21(11), 3829 (2020). https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21113829
Qasim, S.S.B., Zafar, M.S., Niazi, F.H., Alshahwan, M., Omar, H., Daood, U.: Functionally graded biomimetic biomaterials in dentistry: an evidence-based update. J. Biomater. Sci. Polym. Ed. 31(9), 1144–1162 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1080/09205063.2020.1744289
Renvoisé, E., et al.: Mechanical constraint from growing jaw facilitates mammalian dental diversity. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. United States of America 114(35), 9403–9408 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1707410114
Ricketts, D.: Management of the deep carious lesion and the vital pulp dentine complex. Br. Dent. J. 191(11), 606–610 (2001). https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.bdj.4801246a
Seo, B.M., et al.: Investigation of multipotent postnatal stem cells from human periodontal ligament. Lancet (London, England) 364(9429), 149–155 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(04)16627-0
Seo, B.M., et al.: SHED repair critical-size calvarial defects in mice. Oral Dis. 14(5), 428–434 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1601-0825.2007.01396.x
Sharpe P.T.: Dental mesenchymal stem cells. Development (Cambridge, England) 143(13), 2273–2280 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1242/dev.134189
Shi, H., Zhou, P., Li, J., Liu, C., Wang, L.: Functional gradient metallic biomaterials: techniques, current scenery, and future prospects in the biomedical field. Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol. 8, 616845 (2021). https://doi.org/10.3389/fbioe.2020.616845
Shin, H., Jo, S., Mikos, A.G.: Biomimetic materials for tissue engineering. Biomaterials 24(24), 4353–4364 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1016/s0142-9612(03)00339-9
Siddiqui, Z., et al.: Cells and material-based strategies for regenerative endodontics. Bioactive Mater. 14, 234–249 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bioactmat.2021.11.015
Smart. Servier Medical Art. (2023). Retrieved May 7, 2023, from https://smart.servier.com/
Soudi, A., Yazdanian, M., Ranjbar, R., Tebyanian, H., Yazdanian, A., Tahmasebi, E., Keshvad, A., Seifalian, A.: Role and application of stem cells in dental regeneration: a comprehensive overview. EXCLI J. 20, 454–489 (2021). https://doi.org/10.17179/excli2021-3335
Sowmya, S., Mony, U., Jayachandran, P., Reshma, S., Kumar, R. ., Arzate, H., Nair, S.V., Jayakumar, R.: Tri-layered nanocomposite hydrogel scaffold for the concurrent regeneration of cementum, periodontal ligament, and alveolar bone. Adv. Healthcare Mater. 6(7) (2017). https://doi.org/10.1002/adhm.201601251. https://doi.org/10.1002/adhm.201601251
Sui, B., Wu, D., Xiang, L., Fu, Y., Kou, X., Shi, S.: Dental pulp stem cells: from discovery to clinical application. J. Endodontics 46(9S), S46–S55 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joen.2020.06.027
Tassi, S.A., Sergio, N.Z., Misawa, M.Y.O., Villar, C.C.: Efficacy of stem cells on periodontal regeneration: systematic review of pre-clinical studies. J. Periodontal Res. 52(5), 793–812 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1111/jre.12455
Temelci, A., Yılmaz, H.G., Ünsal, G., Uyanik, L.O., Yazman, D., Ayali, A., Minervini, G.: investigation of the wetting properties of thalassemia patients’ blood samples on grade 5 titanium implant surfaces: a pilot study. Biomimetics (Basel, Switzerland) 8(1), 25 (2023). https://doi.org/10.3390/biomimetics8010025
Villar, C.C., Cochran, D.L.: Regeneration of periodontal tissues: guided tissue regeneration. Dent. Clin. North Am. 54(1), 73–92 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cden.2009.08.011
Vishwanath, V., Rao, H.M.: Gutta-percha in endodontics—a comprehensive review of material science. J. Conservative Dentistry JCD 22(3), 216–222 (2019). https://doi.org/10.4103/JCD.JCD_420_18
Wang, J., Ma, H., Jin, X., Hu, J., Liu, X., Ni, L., Ma, P.X.: The effect of scaffold architecture on odontogenic differentiation of human dental pulp stem cells. Biomaterials 32(31), 7822–7830 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biomaterials.2011.04.034
Wang, X., Xia, C., Zhang, Z., Deng, X., Wei, S., Zheng, G., Chen, H.: Direct growth of human enamel-like calcium phosphate microstructures on human tooth. J. Nanoscience Nanotechnol. 9(2), 1361–1364 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1166/jnn2009.c157
Wang, Y., Sun, Y.: Engineered organoids in oral and maxillofacial regeneration. iScience 26(1), 105757 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.isci.2022.105757
Windisch, P., et al.: A phase IIa randomized controlled pilot study evaluating the safety and clinical outcomes following the use of rhGDF-5/β-TCP in regenerative periodontal therapy. Clin. Oral Invest. 16(4), 1181–1189 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-011-0610-3
Yang, X., Ma, Y., Guo, W., Yang, B., Tian, W.: Stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth as an alternative cell source in bio-root regeneration. Theranostics 9(9), 2694–2711 (2019). https://doi.org/10.7150/thno.31801
Yin, I.X., Zhang, J., Zhao, I.S., Mei, M.L., Li, Q., Chu, C.H.: The antibacterial mechanism of silver nanoparticles and its application in dentistry. Int. J. Nanomed. 15, 2555–2562 (2020). https://doi.org/10.2147/IJN.S246764
Yu, M., Wong, S.W., Han, D., Cai, T.: Genetic analysis: Wnt and other pathways in nonsyndromic tooth agenesis. Oral Dis. 25(3), 646–651 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1111/odi.12931
Zafar, M.S., et al.: Biomimetic aspects of restorative dentistry biomaterials. Biomimetics (Basel, Switzerland) 5(3), 34 (2020). https://doi.org/10.3390/biomimetics5030034
Zaky, S.H., Cancedda, R.: Engineering craniofacial structures: facing the challenge. J. Dent. Res. 88(12), 1077–1091 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1177/0022034509349926
Zhang, W., Vazquez, B., Oreadi, D., Yelick, P.C.: Decellularized tooth bud scaffolds for tooth regeneration. J. Dent. Res. 96(5), 516–523 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1177/0022034516689082
Zhang, Y., Zhao, W., Jia, L., Xu, N., Xiao, Y., Li, Q.: The application of stem cells in tissue engineering for the regeneration of periodontal defects in randomized controlled trial: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J. Evidence-Based Dental Pract. 22(2), 101713 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jebdp.2022.101713
Zhang, W., Yelick, P.C.: Tooth repair and regeneration: potential of dental stem cells. Trends Mol. Med. 27(5), 501–511 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molmed.2021.02.005
Zheng, C., Chen, J., Liu, S., Jin, Y.: Stem cell-based bone and dental regeneration: a view of microenvironmental modulation. Int. J. Oral Sci. 11(3) (2019). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41368-019-0060-3
Zhou, W., et al.: Single-cell profiles and clinically useful properties of human mesenchymal stem cells of adipose and bone marrow origin. Amer. J. Sports Med. 47(7), 1722–1733 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1177/0363546519848678
Zivkovic, P., Petrovic, V., Najman, S., Stefanovic, V.: Stem cell-based dental tissue engineering. Scientific World J. 10, 901–916 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1100/tsw.2010.81
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2024 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this paper
Cite this paper
Omerkić Dautović, D., Hodžić, B., Omerkić, S. (2024). Application of Stem Cells in Dentistry: A Review Article. In: Badnjević, A., Gurbeta Pokvić, L. (eds) MEDICON’23 and CMBEBIH’23. MEDICON CMBEBIH 2023 2023. IFMBE Proceedings, vol 94. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-49068-2_75
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-49068-2_75
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-031-49067-5
Online ISBN: 978-3-031-49068-2
eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)