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Aerodynamic Shape Optimization and the Effect of Morphing Winglet-Induced Tip Vortex Structure on the UAS-S45

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Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Design and Technology

Part of the book series: Sustainable Aviation ((SA))

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Abstract

Increasing fuel costs have necessitated the need for highly fuel-efficient aircraft. Industry and academic researchers are continually looking for ways to increase aircraft performance. One way is to reduce total aircraft drag, thereby improving aerodynamic efficiency without compromising structural integrity. The increase in efficiency directly benefits airlines by allowing for more frequent flights with less fuel consumption, resulting in economic benefits. Wingtip devices are already available in various shapes and sizes, and they all serve to minimize drag by recovering tip vortex energy, thereby improving fuel efficiency. Several methods have been proposed in this study for achieving the required morphing wing adaptability, resulting in considerable performance improvements over conventional wing design, such as a camber morphing wing flap.

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Abbreviations

cl:

Lift force per unit span

\( {C}_{N_2}^{N_1} \):

CST class function

cd:

Drag force per unit span

CL:

Lift coefficient

CD:

Drag coefficient

c :

Chord

cp:

Specific fuel consumption

Cf:

Skin friction coefficient

D:

Drag force

E:

Endurance

Ea:

Aerodynamic endurance efficiency

\( {K}_i^n \):

Binomial coefficient K

L:

Lift force

M:

Mach number

S :

Wing surface

v :

Aircraft speed

Xtu:

Translation variable in x for the upper surface

Xtl:

Translation variable in x for the lower surface

ρ:

Air density

Θ:

Morphing deflection angle

CST:

Class shape transformation

PSO:

Particle swarm optimization

UAV:

Unmanned Aerial Vehicle

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Acknowledgments

Special thanks are due to the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) for the Canada Research Chair Tier 1 in Aircraft Modelling and Simulation Technologies funding. We would also like to thank Mr. Oscar Carranza for his support at the Ecole de Technologie Superieure (ETS), as well as Hydra Technologies’ team members Carlos Ruiz, Eduardo Yakin, and Alvaro Gutierrez Prado in Mexico.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Research Laboratory in Active Controls, Avionics and Aeroservoelasticity (LARCASE), Université du Québec, École de Technolgie Supérieure, QC, Canada

    Musavir Bashir, Simon Longtin-Martel, Ruxandra Mihaela Botez & Tony Wong

Authors
  1. Musavir Bashir
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  2. Simon Longtin-Martel
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  3. Ruxandra Mihaela Botez
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  4. Tony Wong
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Ruxandra Mihaela Botez .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Eskisehir Technical University, Eskisehir, Türkiye

    T. Hikmet Karakoc

  2. UAV Technology and Operatorship Program, Eskisehir Technical University, Eskisehir, Türkiye

    Emre Özbek

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Bashir, M., Longtin-Martel, S., Botez, R.M., Wong, T. (2024). Aerodynamic Shape Optimization and the Effect of Morphing Winglet-Induced Tip Vortex Structure on the UAS-S45. In: Karakoc, T.H., Özbek, E. (eds) Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Design and Technology. Sustainable Aviation. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-45321-2_7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-45321-2_7

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