Skip to main content

A Study of the Factors Influencing the Turnover of Slovakian Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises

  • Conference paper
  • First Online:
Management, Tourism and Smart Technologies (ICMTT 2023)

Abstract

In developed economies, more and more attention is being paid to psychosocial factors affecting employees in the workplace, such as stress from the workplace, the composition of the work group and the quality of the relationship between employees and managers. In recent times, the proper management of human resources within the organization has become a strategic issue since the individual is one of the most important key factors in the competitiveness and success of businesses. In market competition, competitive advantages can be gained by companies that properly combine physical and intellectual resources, thereby creating unique values. It is human knowledge that includes the possibility of innovation, which is essential for gaining competitive advantage, success and continuous development. The main objective of our research was to explore the factors of employee turnover in small and medium-sized enterprises in Slovakia. In order to achieve our objective, we conducted primary research in the form of a questionnaire survey that was carried out in November and December 2022 and involved a total of 370 respondents. The two independent variables analyzed in the course of our own investigations, workplace stress and work environment, significantly contributed to turnover in the case of the examined sample. The variable workplace stress had the greatest effect on turnover, so it is definitely recommended that managers of small and medium-sized enterprises pay more attention to stress management.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 169.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  • Babatunde, M.A., Laoye, O.M.: Assessing the effects of employee turnover on the performance of small and medium-scale enterprises in Nigeria. J. Afr. Bus. 12(2), 268–286 (2011)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bibi, P., Pangil, F.B., Johari, J.B.: HRM practices and employees’ rentention: the perspective of job embeddedness theory. Asian J. Mult. Stud. 4(5), 41–47 (2016)

    Google Scholar 

  • Boxall, P., Macky, K., Rasmussen, E.: Labour turnover and retention in New Zealand: the causes and consequences of leaving and staying with employers. Asia Pac. J. Hum. Resour. 41(2), 196–214 (2003)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Caillier, J.G.: The impact of workplace aggression on employee satisfaction with job stress, meaningfulness of work, and turnover intentions. Publ. Pers. Manag. 50(2), 159–182 (2020)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fheili, M.: Employee turnover: an HR risk with firm-specific context. J. Oper. Risk 2(3), 69–84 (2007)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gawas, N.M.: Workplace bullying and employee turnover intention: a mediating role of organizational justice. Int. J. Health Sci., 4486–4493 (2022)

    Google Scholar 

  • Gurková, E., Soósová, M.S., Haroková, S., Žiaková, K., Šerfelová, R., Zamboriová, M.: Job satisfaction and leaving intentions of Slovak and Czech nurses. Int. Nurs. Rev. 60(1) (2012)

    Google Scholar 

  • Gutpta, N., Singhal, M., Chauhan, S.: Impact of organisational politics on employee turnover and employee performance. Int. J. Bus. Manag. Res. 9(3), 244–249 (2021)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hosen, M.: Factors affecting employee turnover in multinational companies in Malaysia. Malays. Manag. J. 26, 31–54 (2022)

    Google Scholar 

  • EURES Homepage. https://eures.ec.europa.eu/living-and-working/labour-market-information/labour-market-information-slovakia_en. Accessed 11 Feb 2023

  • SPECTATOR Homepage. https://spectator.sme.sk/c/20849456/survey-employee-turnover-exceeds-the-healthy-rate-in-slovakia.html. Accessed 27 Jan 2023

  • Hvid, H., Hasle, P.: Human Development and Working Life. Ashgate Publishing Limited, Aldershot (2003)

    Google Scholar 

  • Jain, R., Kaur, S.: Impact of work environment on job satisfaction. Int. J. Sci. Res. Publ. 4, 1–8 (2014)

    Google Scholar 

  • Karacsony, P.: Examining the relationship between workplace stress and organizational commitment. In.: Proceedings of the 2019 International Conference on Management Science and Industrial Engineering. MSIE, Phuket, Thailand, 24–26 May 2019

    Google Scholar 

  • Kim, D.A.: Study on relationship between job insecurity of travel agent’s employee, job stress and turnover intention: mediating job stress. J. Tourism Manag. Res. 24(4), 39–55 (2020)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kurniawaty, K., Ramly, M., Ramlawati, R.: The effect of work environment, stress, and job satisfaction on employee turnover intention. Manag. Sci. Lett., 877–886 (2019)

    Google Scholar 

  • Prastyo, M.I.B., Andriani, D.: The effect of workload and work stress on turnover intention with job satisfaction as an intervening variable for employees. Academia Open 7 (2022)

    Google Scholar 

  • Ramlawati, R., Trisnawati, E., Yasin, N.A., Kurniawaty, K.: External alternatives, job stress on job satisfaction and employee turnover intention. Manag. Sci. Lett., 511–518 (2021)

    Google Scholar 

  • Rozsa, Z., Formánek, I., Maňák, R.: Determining the factors of the employees’ intention to stay or leave in the Slovak’s SMEs. Int. J. Entrepreneurial Knowl. 7(2), 63–72 (2019)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sell, L., Cleal, B.: Job satisfaction, work environment, and rewards: motivational theory revisited. Labour 25(1), 1–23 (2011)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Seppälä, E., Cameron, K.: Proof that positive work cultures are more productive. Harvard Bus. Rev. (2015)

    Google Scholar 

  • Shakoor, R.: Workplace conflicts and its effect on employee productivity: a mediating role of workplace politics. Int. J. Psychosoc. Rehabil. 24(3), 2774–2783 (2020)

    MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  • Sharma, M.: Linking employee engagement, job stress and perceived organizational support to organizational commitment. Int. J. Indian Cult. Bus. Manag. 27(2), 251 (2022)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sinambela, S.: The effect of workload on job stress, work motivation, and employee performance. Int. J. Psychosoc. Rehabil. 24(04), 1373–1390 (2020)

    Google Scholar 

  • Snell, A.: Measuring the financial impact of HR: defining and controlling the areas where HR adds cost and value. Strateg. HR Rev. 6(2), 28–31 (2007)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Soelton, M., Atnani, M.: How work environment, work satisfaction, work stress on the turnover intention affect university management. Jurnal Manajemen Dan Bisnis Indonesia 5(3), 439–448 (2018)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Vetráková, M., Kubaľa, J., Cole, D.A., Pompurová, K.: Causes of employee fluctuation and the need for stabilization in Slovak hotels. Entrepreneurship Sustain. Issues 8(1), 332–346 (2020)

    Google Scholar 

  • Wachs, J.: Workplace incivility, bullying, and mobbing. AAOHN. J. 57(2), 88 (2009)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Yao, Y., Zeng, H.: Employee turnover intention of SMEs: a case study in China. Int. J. Small Medium Enterprises 2(2), 41–48 (2019)

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Peter Karacsony .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2024 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this paper

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this paper

Karacsony, P., Szabo, D., Antalík, I. (2024). A Study of the Factors Influencing the Turnover of Slovakian Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises. In: Montenegro, C., Rocha, Á., Cueva Lovelle, J.M. (eds) Management, Tourism and Smart Technologies. ICMTT 2023. Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems, vol 773. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-44131-8_22

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics