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Genetic Biomarkers of Psychiatric Disorders

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Biomarkers in Neuropsychiatry

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Abstract

Psychiatric disorders are multifactorial conditions known to have a significant genetic component, as seen in family, twin, and adoption studies. After decades of linkage and candidate gene studies, technological advancements have allowed for the recent discovery of many common and rare genomic loci significantly involved with the heritability of schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, autism spectrum disorder, major depressive disorder, suicide, and many other conditions. This chapter discusses basic concepts related to the study of psychiatric genetics and epigenetics, including common methods, study designs, and approaches such as genome-wide association studies and polygenic risk scores. Moreover, we provide an update on the known genetic and epigenetic underpinnings of many psychiatric disorders, discussing their key identified genes and signaling pathways. Finally, the limitations and future directions of the field will be thoroughly discussed, including the many potential clinical applications of genetic and epigenetic findings for diagnostics, risk assessment, and prediction of treatment response.

Mohammad Farhan and Esther Soyebo shared first authorship.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA

    Mohammad Farhan, Esther Soyebo & Christopher Busby

  2. Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA

    Gabriel R. Fries

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  1. Neuropsychiatry Program, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA

    Antonio L. Teixeira

  2. Department of Neurology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA

    Natalia P. Rocha

  3. IMPACT (Institute for Innovation in Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation), Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia

    Michael Berk

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Farhan, M., Soyebo, E., Busby, C., Fries, G.R. (2023). Genetic Biomarkers of Psychiatric Disorders. In: Teixeira, A.L., Rocha, N.P., Berk, M. (eds) Biomarkers in Neuropsychiatry. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-43356-6_2

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