Abstract
Colorectal cancer represents a major global health problem as it is associated with high incidence and mortality rates, being the second cause of cancer-related mortality. The major histopathological type is adenocarcinoma (over 90%), with the remainder comprising lymphomas, melanomas or neuroendocrine tumors. In most cases, colorectal cancer develops through a multistep process that involves the adenoma-carcinoma sequence, making this type of neoplasia suitable for screening. Colonoscopy is the diagnostic test of choice in case of suspicion, as it allows direct visualization of the lesion and biopsies; it also allows identification of eventual synchronous tumors. Staging modalities include rectal endoscopic ultrasound (for rectal cancer) and cross-sectional imaging. Although surgery and oncological treatment are the mainstay of management, endoscopic resection is feasible for malignant polyps (without invasive cancer) lacking unfavorable prognostic features.
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Iovănescu, VF., Săftoiu, A. (2023). Colorectal Tumors. In: Săftoiu, A. (eds) Pocket Guide to Advanced Endoscopy in Gastroenterology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-42076-4_35
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-42076-4_35
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