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Formative Design in the Holistic 4D Model

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Formative Design in Learning

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Abstract

This chapter begins by explaining 10 major reasons why we developed the Holistic 4D Model for instructional design and development. One of the reasons was to incorporate formative design – that is, frequent formative evaluation during the instructional development process. Next, the chapter describes the Holistic 4D Model and focuses in specifically on the ways that formative design is incorporated into the model. The four phases of the ID process are Define, Design, Develop, and Deploy, and the Design phase has three levels of design, each of which has multiple short cycles of analysis, design, and evaluation. This allows formative evaluation to be done often throughout the design phase. The chapter ends with a few thoughts about the most useful kinds of research methods for advancing knowledge about formative design in the ID process. It is particularly important to conduct design-based or formative research to build design theory that identifies different methods for formative design that are found to be preferable for different situations.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA

    Charles M. Reigeluth

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  1. Charles M. Reigeluth
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Correspondence to Charles M. Reigeluth .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. College of Design, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, USA

    Brad Hokanson

  2. Mary Frances Early College of Education and College of Pharmacy, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA

    Matthew Schmidt

  3. College of Education, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA

    Marisa E. Exter

  4. College of Education, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN, USA

    Andrew A. Tawfik

  5. School of Instructional Technology & Innovation, Bagwell College of Education, Kennesaw State University, Kennesaw, GA, USA

    Yvonne Earnshaw

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Reigeluth, C.M. (2023). Formative Design in the Holistic 4D Model. In: Hokanson, B., Schmidt, M., Exter, M.E., Tawfik, A.A., Earnshaw, Y. (eds) Formative Design in Learning. Educational Communications and Technology: Issues and Innovations. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-41950-8_2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-41950-8_2

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  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-031-41949-2

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-031-41950-8

  • eBook Packages: EducationEducation (R0)

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