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Towards Optimising the Life Cycle Costs of High-Rise Residential Apartments: A Case of Sri Lanka

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Life Cycle Costing

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Abstract

Building design is one of the critical criteria that would allow for the early prediction of life cycle cost (LCC) and assure effective maintenance and smooth building operations. Understanding the impacts of various elements on LCC allows for design refinement to achieve LCC optimisation throughout early design development. Thus, the purpose of this research is to examine the LCC of high-rise residential apartments as well as the impacts of many elements, such as building design, site nature, technical factors, tenant characteristics, and other factors impacting LCC. Initially, a case study method was used to investigate the impact of LCC features in three residential high-rise apartments in Colombo with more than 30 storeys. Descriptive statistics were used to assess the data gathered from document evaluations. LCC was computed using net present value (NPV) and was confirmed using sensitivity analysis for the potential range of discount rates and building life duration. Then using a 1–5 Likert scale, a questionnaire survey was sent to thirty-four (34) experts to analyse the influence of various variables on the LCC aspects. According to the statistics, the average construction cost is 28% of LCC, while running and maintenance expenses are 49% and 21% of LCC, respectively. Delving, operational expenses vary from 65% to 70% of running costs (RC), whereas maintenance accounts for 30% to 35% of RC. A Pareto study indicated that security (16%), energy (14%), service attendants (14%), and property management (13%) are the primary components contributing to 80% of RC out of 36 sub-elements. The cost of these (essential) components is largely impacted by design characteristics such as plan form, building size, longevity, and storey height. Consequently, it is suggested that careful consideration of these design factors, as well as the number of residents, the quality of the materials and equipment used, and the structure’s intended purpose, would enable the early optimisation of the RC of high-rise residential buildings.

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  1. Kajavathani Panchalingam

    Present address: Department of Building Economics, University of Moratuwa, Moratuwa, Sri Lanka

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  1. Department of Building Economics, University of Moratuwa, Moratuwa, Sri Lanka

    Thanuja Ramachandra

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  1. Kajavathani Panchalingam
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  2. Thanuja Ramachandra
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Correspondence to Thanuja Ramachandra .

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  1. Chief Sustainability Officer, Green Story Inc., Kowloon, Hong Kong

    Subramanian Senthilkannan Muthu

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Panchalingam, K., Ramachandra, T. (2023). Towards Optimising the Life Cycle Costs of High-Rise Residential Apartments: A Case of Sri Lanka. In: Muthu, S.S. (eds) Life Cycle Costing. Environmental Footprints and Eco-design of Products and Processes. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-40993-6_6

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