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Optical Techniques for the Diagnosis and Monitoring of Oral Hard Tissue Lesions

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Current Trends in Biomedical Engineering

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Abstract

In association with biomedical optics, Biophotonics contributes to the field of health sciences through the development of optical methods for early disease diagnosis and monitoring, as well as assessing the effects of different therapies. Such methods are based on the knowledge of interactions between light and biological tissues, enabling the detection, quantification, and correlation of tissue abnormalities with several processes. Optical techniques have advantages, including the use of nonionizing radiation, fast and real-time detection of disease stages, imaging capabilities, and high sensitivity and specificity. Still, these techniques are noninvasive, providing comfort to the patients. In this chapter, the main optical techniques used for the early diagnosis of dental hard tissue pathologies will be presented, with emphasis on the demineralization of enamel and dentin, which is a common characteristic of caries and erosion lesions. Fluorescence imaging or spectroscopy techniques, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, optical coherence tomography, and transillumination are advantageous for these lesions. These methods present high resolution and allow the quantification of optical parameters that may be related to the disease progression. Some techniques are already in clinical use, while others are in broad scientific development, and very close to clinical reality.

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Funding Declaration/Acknowledgments

The authors would like to thank to FAPESP (2017/21887-4), CAPES (PROCAD-CAPES 88881.068505/2014-01) and CNPq (INCT # 465763/2014-6 – Photonics National Institute for Science and Technology – INFO – and 440228/2021-2 National System of Photonics Laboratories – Sisfoton-MCTI).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Graduate Program in Biomedical Engineering, Federal University of ABC – UFABC Al. da Universidade, São Bernardo do Campo, SP, Brazil

    Patricia Aparecida da Ana, Ilka Tiemy Kato Prates, Carolina Benetti & Matheus Del-Valle

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  1. Patricia Aparecida da Ana
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  2. Ilka Tiemy Kato Prates
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  3. Carolina Benetti
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  4. Matheus Del-Valle
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Correspondence to Patricia Aparecida da Ana .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Federal University of ABC, São Bernardo do Campo, São Paulo, Brazil

    Christiane Bertachini Lombello

  2. Federal University of ABC, São Bernardo do Campo, São Paulo, Brazil

    Patricia Aparecida da Ana

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da Ana, P.A., Prates, I.T.K., Benetti, C., Del-Valle, M. (2023). Optical Techniques for the Diagnosis and Monitoring of Oral Hard Tissue Lesions. In: Lombello, C.B., da Ana, P.A. (eds) Current Trends in Biomedical Engineering. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-38743-2_12

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