Abstract
In this chapter typical worldviews and their impact on how spaces are designed is discussed. Historic transformations brought societies to new eras and the accompanying habits and convictions of religion, knowledge, and science. The current emerging worldview highlights the organic way of thinking. Its basis in ecology presents planning as a process that is emergent, non-linear, and non-static. It fits with the current time in which futures seem to be increasingly uncertain. It also fits with Darwin’s thinking in adaptations to unforeseen conditions. For urban design this implies that not the solutions are the major objective, but the creation of conditions that support adaptation. The planning and design of landscapes, cities, neighborhoods, and buildings increase their chances of adapting to these uncertainties if they create at least 30% of free or unplanned space.
Parts of this chapter have been published in a different form and in Dutch:
Roggema, R. en Broess, H. (2014) Darwin in de Ruimtelijke Ordening (1) Groen 70 (1) 20–24
Roggema, R. en Broess, H. (2014) Darwin in de Ruimtelijke Ordening (2) Groen 70 (2) 17–22
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Roggema, R. (2023). Spatial Evolutions. In: Roggema, R. (eds) The Coming of Age of Urban Agriculture. Contemporary Urban Design Thinking. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-37861-4_2
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