Abstract
Using nature-inspired solutions for propulsion, this work investigates the use of traveling waves to generate thrust in water. A design based on a slender cantilever beam similar to flagella in bacteria is submerged in water and excited with a sinusoidal motion to study the impact of frequency and amplitude of the oscillation on the thrust generation. Structural measurements combined with advanced flow diagnostic techniques are used to characterize the behavior of the fluid–structure system.
The structural response and the induced traveling waves are first studied in air and characterized through laser vibrometry and high-speed digital image correlation. This demonstrated the possibility of inducing traveling waves in the structure and permitted to identify the conditions that maximize the traveling versus the standing wave contribution.
The characterization of the fluid–structure interaction has been done using Laser Doppler Anemometry (LDA). LDA measurement was carried out downstream from the beam at a fixed distance to measure the velocity of the induced flow at different excitation conditions (amplitude and frequency).
The results showed that the coupling between the structural motion and the thrust generated is nonlinear in nature and depends on the tip displacement of the beam. Empirical laws that relate the amplitude and frequency of excitation to the generated thrust are here proposed.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Ramananarivo, S., Godoy-Diana, R., Thiria, B.: Passive elastic mechanism to mimic fish-muscle action in anguilliform swimming. J. R. Soc. Interface. 10(88) (2013). https://doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2013.0667
Godoy-Diana, R., Thiria, B.: On the diverse roles of fluid dynamic drag in animal swimming and flying. J. R. Soc. Interface. 15(139) (2018). https://doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2017.0715
Piñeirua, M., Godoy-Diana, R., Thiria, B.: Resistive thrust production can be as crucial as added mass mechanisms for inertial undulatory swimmers. Phys. Rev. E. 92(2) (2015). https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.92.021001
Piñeirua, M., Thiria, B., Godoy-Diana, R.: Modelling of an actuated elastic swimmer. J. Fluid Mech. 829, 731–750 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2017.570
Ramananarivo, S., Godoy-Diana, R., Thiria, B.: Propagating waves in bounded elastic media: transition from standing waves to anguilliform kinematics. EPL (Europhys.Lett.). 105(5) (2014). https://doi.org/10.1209/0295-5075/105/54003
Ramananarivo, S., Thiria, B., Godoy-Diana, R.: Elastic swimmer on a free surface. Phys. Fluids. 26(9) (2014). https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4893539
Raspa, V., et al.: Vortex-induced drag and the role of aspect ratio in undulatory swimmers. Phys. Fluids. 26(4) (2014). https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4870254
Ogawa, J., et al.: Development of liquid pumping devices using vibrating microchannel walls. Sensors Actuators A Phys. 152(2), 211–218 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sna.2009.04.004
Ye, W., et al.: Travelling wave magnetic valveless micropump driven by rotating integrated magnetic arrays. Micro & Nano Lett. 9(4), 232–234 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1049/mnl.2014.0022
Yu, H., et al.: Design, fabrication, and characterization of a valveless magnetic travelling-wave micropump. J. Micromech. Microeng. 25(6) (2015). https://doi.org/10.1088/0960-1317/25/6/065019
Liu, G., Zhang, W.: Travelling-wave micropumps. In: Microbial Toxins, pp. 1–19 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-2798-7_29-1
Erturk, A., Delporte, G.: Underwater thrust and power generation using flexible piezoelectric composites: an experimental investigation toward self-powered swimmer-sensor platforms. Smart Mater. Struct. 20(12) (2011). https://doi.org/10.1088/0964-1726/20/12/125013
Shahab, S., Tan, D., Erturk, A.: Hydrodynamic thrust generation and power consumption investigations for piezoelectric fins with different aspect ratios. Euro. Phys. J. Spec. Top. 224(17–18), 3419–3434 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1140/epjst/e2015-50180-1
Fernández-Prats, R., et al.: Large-amplitude undulatory swimming near a wall. Bioinspir. Biomim. 10(1) (2015). https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-3190/10/1/016003
Demirer, E.: Bio-Inspired Locomotion Using Oscillating Elastic Plates. Georgia Institute of Technology, Georgia, Atlanta, USA (2021)
Shelton, R.M., Thornycroft, P., Lauder, G.V.: Undulatory locomotion of flexible foils as biomimetic models for understanding fish propulsion. J. Exp. Biol. (2014). https://doi.org/10.1242/jeb.098046
Yeh, P.D.: Fast and Efficient Locomotion Using Oscillating Flexible Plates. Georgia Institute of Technology, Georgia, Atlanta, USA (2016)
Cen, L., Erturk, A.: Bio-inspired aquatic robotics by untethered piezohydroelastic actuation. Bioinspir. Biomim. 8(1) (2013). https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-3182/8/1/016006
Shahab, S., Erturk, A.: Underwater dynamic actuation of macro-fiber composite flaps with different aspect ratios: Electrohydroelastic modeling, testing, and characterization. In: Volume 2: Mechanics and Behavior of Active Materials; Integrated System Design and Implementation; Bioinspired Smart Materials and Systems; Energy Harvesting. American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME); Newport, RhodeIsland, USA (2014)
Shahab, S., Erturk, A.: Experimentally validated nonlinear electrohydroelastic Euler-Bernoulli-Morison model for macro-fiber composites with different aspect ratios. In: Volume 8: 27th Conference on Mechanical Vibration and Noise. American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME); Boston,Massachuse's, USA (2015)
Shahab, S., Erturk, A.: Coupling of experimentally validated electroelastic dynamics and mixing rules formulation for macro-fiber composite piezoelectric structures. J. Intell. Mater. Syst. Struct. 28(12), 1575–1588 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1177/1045389x16672732
Byoung-Gook, L., Ro, P.I.: An object transport system using flexural ultrasonic progressive waves generated by two-mode excitation. IEEE Trans. Ultrason. Ferroelectr. Freq. Control. 47(4), 994999 (2000). https://doi.org/10.1109/58.852083
Bucher, I., et al.: Experimental travelling waves identification in mechanical structures. Math. Mech. Solids. American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME); Haifa, Israel 24(1), 152–167 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1177/1081286517732825
Gabai, R., Bucher, I.: Generating traveling vibration waves in finite structures. In: Volume 2: Automotive Systems; Bioengineering and Biomedical Technology; Computational Mechanics; Controls; Dynamical Systems. American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME); Haifa, Israel, pp. 761–770 (2008)
Hariri, H., Bernard, Y., Razek, A.: A traveling wave piezoelectric beam robot. Smart Mater. Struct. 23(2) (2014). https://doi.org/10.1088/0964-1726/23/2/025013
Hariri, H., Bernard, Y., Razek, A.: Dual piezoelectric beam robot: the effect of piezoelectric patches’ positions. J. Intell. Mater. Syst. Struct. 26(18), 2577–2590 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1177/1045389x15572013
Malladi, V.V.N.S.: Continual Traveling Waves in Finite Structures: Theory, Simulations, and Experiments. Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg (2016)
Musgrave, P.F.: Electro-hydro-elastic modeling of structure-borne traveling waves and their application to aquatic swimming motions. J. Fluids Struct. 102 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfluidstructs.2021.103230
Musgrave, P.F., Albakri, M.I., Phoenix, A.A.: Guidelines and procedure for tailoring high-performance, steadystate traveling waves for propulsion and solid-state motion. Smart Mater. Struct. 30(2) (2021). https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-665X/abd3d7
Musgrave, P.F., et al.: Generating structure-borne traveling waves favorable for applications. In: ASME 2020 Conference on Smart Materials, Adaptive Structures and Intelligent Systems, American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME); Virtual, Online (2020)
Kuribayashi, M., Ueha, S., Mori, E.: Excitation conditions of flexural traveling waves for a reversible ultrasonic linear motor. J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 77(4), 1431–1435 (1985). https://doi.org/10.1121/1.392037
Tanaka, N., Kikushima, Y.: Active wave control of a flexible beam. Proposition of the active sink method. JSME Int. J. Ser. 3, Vibr. Cont. Eng. Eng. Ind. 34(2), 159–167 (1991). https://doi.org/10.1299/jsmec1988.34.159
Malladi, V.V.N.S., et al.: Investigation of propulsive characteristics due to traveling waves in continuous finite media. In: Bioinspiration, Biomimetics, and Bioreplication, Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE); Portland,Oregon, USA (2017)
Inman, D.J.: Engineering Vibrations, Fourth edn. Pearson, Upper Saddle River, New Jersey, USA (2013)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2024 The Society for Experimental Mechanics, Inc.
About this paper
Cite this paper
Syuhri, S., Zare-Behtash, H., Cammarano, A. (2024). Experimental Characterization of Structural Traveling Wave-Induced Thrust. In: Allen, M., Blough, J., Mains, M. (eds) Special Topics in Structural Dynamics & Experimental Techniques, Volume 5. SEM 2023. Conference Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Mechanics Series. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-37007-6_4
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-37007-6_4
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-031-37006-9
Online ISBN: 978-3-031-37007-6
eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)