Structural Construction Optimization of Fire Protection Systems

Abstract

This paper analyzes basic structural constructions of fire protection systems and demonstrates reliability and evaluation methods of such constructions. Even in the best year, 9565 people got injured by fire, with the risk being 65 times more than acceptable. Today, the main approach is a so-called “risk-oriented approach”, aimed at minimizing the value of individual fire risk, or, maximizing the safety of people in residential and public buildings and structures. It would be more correct to consider this model as dynamic, as in need of constant improvement. Various methods and formulas were used to draw dependencies and assess risk of fire. The results show that the most significant system is Fire Alarm System (which is evident on the fact that this system is responsible for fire detection). The most usefulness is provided by Smoke Control System; however, it has the lowest reliability. Emergency Notification System, having the lowest usefulness, has a high reliability. Emergency Notification System reliability (effectiveness) can affect (control) the Fire Protection System effectiveness, but within certain limits. It was determined that one of the most important ways to minimize the risk is to use higher type Emergency Notification System. Paper also shows significance of the Fire Protection Systems in two aspects—reliability and structural reliability. System performance is fully disclosed in such parameter as—technical or functional efficiency, that depends on reliability and other parameters, for instance, human error, connectivity coefficient, topology efficiency etc.