Skip to main content

Leader and Follower Development in a Diverse Community: The Role of Authenticity and Transparency

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Biblical Organizational Spirituality, Volume 2

Abstract

In this study, we examined the three principles developed by Puppo (The Shalom-making leader and organizational justice: An analysis of Luke 13. In Henson, J. (editor) Biblical organizational spirituality: New testament foundations for leaders and organizations (pp. 9–28). Palgrave Macmillan, 2022) and Caulton’s (Crossing boundaries in multicultural relationships: An analysis of acts 8:26-40. In Henson, J. (editor). Biblical organizational spirituality: New testament foundations for leaders and organizations (pp. 137–158). Palgrave Macmillan, 2022) studies using the contemporary organizational leadership literature, followed by a bounded case study where the six principles were examined using the following three research questions:

  • How is each principle evident in the participant’s organization?

  • What is the benefit/outcome of each principle?

  • Why is the benefit/outcome of each principle useful for the employees’ well-being and the overall health of the organization?

Four participants who were either managers who practiced some or all of the three principles or employees who reported to managers who practiced some or all of the six principles. Both managers and employees could speak about the culture and climate of an organization that practiced some or all of the six principles. Each participant was asked nine questions (three principles times three research questions each). The interviews lasted an average of 20 minutes.

Analysis of the 36 responses (four participants times three principles times three research questions each) yielded a total of 70 codes that were grouped into 14 themes. Six scale-development items emerged from the analysis of the responses to research question 1.

The study’s findings are useful for scholarly researchers to understand the New Testament-based organizational spirituality concept. The next research next step will be the development of an operationalized definition and scale development to measure the New Testament-based organizational spirituality concept. The findings should help practitioners and consultants understand what the selected principles contribute to the organizational culture and perceived organizational climate.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 149.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Hardcover Book
USD 199.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  • Arrow, H., McGrath, J. E., & Berdahl, J. L. (2000). Small groups as complex systems: Formation, coordination, development, and adaptation. Sage.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Bass, B., & Bass, R. (2008). The bass handbook of leadership: Theory, research, and managerial applications. The Free Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bentley, T. (1993). The special skills of listening. Management Development Review.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bevere, J., & Bevere, A. (2013). The holy spirit: An introduction. Messenger International.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bhaskar, A. U., & Mishra, B. (2017). Exploring relationship between learning organizations dimensions and organizational performance. International Journal of Emerging Markets.

    Google Scholar 

  • Blackaby, H. T., & Blackaby, R. (2011). Spiritual leadership: Moving people on to God’s agenda. B&H Publishing Group.

    Google Scholar 

  • Blacker, F. (1995). Knowledge, knowledge work and organizations: An overview and interpretation. Organization Studies, 16(6), 1021–1046.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Caulton, J. R. (2022). Crossing boundaries in multicultural relationships: An analysis of acts 8:26-40. In J. Henson (Ed.), Biblical organizational spirituality: New testament foundations for leaders and organizations (pp. 137–158). Palgrave Macmillan. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-04006-1

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Church, U. M. (2016). The book of discipline of the United Methodist Church 2016. United Methodist Publishing House.

    Google Scholar 

  • Coyle, D. (2018). The culture code: The secrets of highly successful groups. Bantam.

    Google Scholar 

  • Easterby-Smith, M., Araujo, L., & Burgoyne, J. (Eds.). (1999). Organizational learning and the learning organization: Developments in theory and practice. Sage.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fairholm, G. (1996). Spiritual leadership: Fulfilling whole-self needs at work. Leadership and Organisation Development Journal, 17(5), 11–17.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fluker, W. E. (2009). Ethical leadership: The quest for character, civility, and community. Augsburg Fortress.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Fry, L. W., & Whittington, J. L. (2005). In search of authenticity: Spiritual leadership theory as a source for future theory, research, and practice on authentic leadership. Authentic Leadership Theory and Practice: Origins, Effects and Development, 3, 183–200.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hennekam, S. (2015). Career success of older workers: The influence of social skills and continuous learning ability. Journal of Management Development.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hofstede, G. (2001). Culture’s consequences: Comparing values, behaviors, institutions and organizations across nations. Sage.

    Google Scholar 

  • House, R. J., Hanges, P. J., Javidan, M., Dorfman, P. W., & Gupta, V. (2004). Culture, leadership, and organizations: The GLOBE study of 62 societies. Sage.

    Google Scholar 

  • Itani, O. S., & Inyang, A. E. (2015). The effects of empathy and listening of salespeople on relationship quality in the retail banking industry: The moderating role of felt stress. International Journal of Bank Marketing.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ivancevich, J. M., Matteson, M. T., & Konopaske, R. (2018). Organizational behavior and management. McGraw-Hill Education.

    Google Scholar 

  • Johnson, C. E. (2015). Meeting the ethical challenges of leadership: Casting light or shadow. Sage.

    Google Scholar 

  • Johnson, C. E. (2019). Meeting the ethical challenges of leadership: Casting light or shadow. Sage.

    Google Scholar 

  • Knowles, M. S., Holton, E. F., III, & Swanson, R. A. (2014). The adult learner: The definitive classic in adult education and human resource development. Routledge.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Liu, S. M. (2009). What shapes employees’ decisions to share knowledge in real work practices—an exploration of knowledge sharing processes and factors shaping workers’ knowledge sharing when performing a task. University of Washington.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mackey, J., & Sisodia, R. (2014). Conscious capitalism: Liberating the heroic spirit of business. Harvard Business Review Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Marquardt, J. (2011). Building the learning organization: Achieving strategic advantage through a commitment to learning. Nicholas Brealey Publishing.

    Google Scholar 

  • McDowell, J., & McDowell, S. (2017). Evidence that demands a verdict: Life-changing truth for a skeptical world. Thomas Nelson.

    Google Scholar 

  • Miles, M. B., Huberman, A. M., & Saldana, J. (2020). Qualitative data analysis (4th ed., Kindle Version). Sage.

    Google Scholar 

  • Northouse, P. G. (2016). Leadership: Theory and practice. Sage.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ortiz, M. (1996). One new people: Models for developing a multiethnic church. InterVarsity Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Poon, J. M. (2013). Effects of benevolence, integrity, and ability on trust-in-supervisor. Employee Relations.

    Google Scholar 

  • Puppo, G. (2022). The Shalom-making leader and organizational justice: An analysis of Luke 13. In J. Henson (Ed.), Biblical organizational spirituality: New testament foundations for leaders and organizations (pp. 9–28). Palgrave Macmillan. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-04006-1

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Sackmann, S. A., & Friesl, M. (2007). Exploring cultural impacts on knowledge sharing behavior in project teams–results from a simulation study. Journal of Knowledge Management.

    Google Scholar 

  • Senge, P. M. (2006). The fifth discipline: The art and practice of the learning organization. Broadway Business.

    Google Scholar 

  • Serrano, C. (2022). Chapter 22. New testament organizational spirituality: A meta-analysis. In J. Henson (Ed.), Biblical organizational spirituality: New testament foundations for leaders and organizations (pp. 481–488). Palgrave Macmillan. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-04006-1

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Shelton, C. D., & Darling, J. R. (2003). From theory to practice: Using new science concepts to create learning organizations. The Learning Organization.

    Google Scholar 

  • Spreitzer, G. M. (1996). Social structural characteristics of psychological empowerment. Academy of Management Journal, 39(2), 483–504.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Staff, U. M. C. (2016). The book of discipline of the United Methodist Church 2016. United Methodist Publishing House.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sturt, D., & Nordstrom, T. (2017). 4 Reasons why asking for help makes you a stronger, not weaker, leader. Retrieved from Forbes.com: https://www.forbes.com/sites/davidsturt/2017/11/01/4-reasons-why-asking-for-help-makes-you-a-stronger-not-weaker-leader/?sh=514e0d0e3c1a

  • Wasserman, N., Anand, B., & Nohria, N. (2010). When does leadership matter. In N. Nohria & R. Khurana (Eds.), Handbook of leadership theory and practice (pp. 27–63). Harvard Business School Publishing Corporation.

    Google Scholar 

  • Welch, S., & Welch, S. (2015). The real-life MBA. HarperCollins.

    Google Scholar 

  • Welch, J., Welch, S., Primus, B., Winkelmann, H., Grawe, S., & Szymczyk, M. (2005). Winning (Vol. 84). HarperCollins.

    Google Scholar 

  • Yukl, G. (2013). Effective leadership behavior: What we know and what questions need more attention. Academy of Management Perspectives, 26(4), 66–85.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Charles E. Hulse III .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2023 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this chapter

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this chapter

Hulse, C.E., Winston, B.E. (2023). Leader and Follower Development in a Diverse Community: The Role of Authenticity and Transparency. In: Winston, B.E. (eds) Biblical Organizational Spirituality, Volume 2. Christian Faith Perspectives in Leadership and Business. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-36367-2_2

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics