Abstract
Infective endocarditis (IE) is infection of a native or prosthetic heart valve, endocardial surface, or indwelling cardiac device. IE most commonly occurs on native heart valves 72%, followed by prosthetic valves 21%, and finally pacemaker/ICD 7% (Murdoch, Arch Int Med 169:463, 2009). The incidence of IE varies worldwide but is still relatively low at 3–10 cases per 100,000 people (Cahill et al., Lancet 387:882–893, 2016). Despite this low incidence, untreated IE carries a high in-hospital mortality rate of 15–20% and a 1-year mortality rate close to 40% (Otto et al., Circulation 2021(143):e72–e227, 2020). Diagnosis requires careful attention to symptoms, physical exam, and diagnostic imaging. Prompt diagnosis and treatment are key to reducing mortality.
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UpToDate: clinical Manifestations and evaluation of adults with suspected left-sided native valve endocarditis.
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Stephens, A., McVeigh, T., Ward, C., Powell, E.A., Watts, L. (2023). Infective Endocarditis. In: Musialowski, R., Allshouse, K. (eds) Cardiovascular Manual for the Advanced Practice Provider. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-35819-7_19
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-35819-7_19
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