Abstract
The objective of this chapter is to present to the interested public the main topics and cases discussed in the recent case-law of the Brazilian Supreme Federal Court—STF (since 2000). Before presenting the cases, the main relevant constitutional rules are pointed out, in the light of which cases were generally appreciated:
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References
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Briefs of the Center to the UN Special Rapporteur on Freedom of Religion or Belief. https://www.ohchr.org/en/issues/freedomreligion/pages/freedomreligionindex.aspx.
Federal Supreme Court Case-Law
Claim for Noncompliance with a Fundamental Precept—ADPF 811/2021 (religious freedom and health issues). http://portal.stf.jus.br/processos/downloadPeca.asp?id=15346816672&ext=.pdf.
Direct Action of Unconstitutionality by Omission—ADO 26/2019 (religion and free speech). http://portal.stf.jus.br/processos/downloadPeca.asp?id=15344606459&ext=.pdf.
Direct Action of Unconstitutionality—ADI 2076/2002 (invocation of God in the Preamble and its legal nature). https://redir.stf.jus.br/paginadorpub/paginador.jsp?docTP=AC&docID=375324.
Direct Action of Unconstitutionality—ADI 2649/2008 (Preamble). http://www.stf.jus.br/portal/inteiroTeor/obterInteiroTeor.asp?id=555517&codigoClasse=504&numero=2649&siglaRecurso=&classe=ADI.
Direct Action of Unconstitutionality—ADI 4439/2017 (religion in public schools). https://redir.stf.jus.br/paginadorpub/paginador.jsp?docTP=TP&docID=15085915.
Direct Action of Unconstitutionality—ADI 5248/2018 (religion in public schools). https://portal.stf.jus.br/processos/downloadPeca.asp?id=313899095&ext=.pdf.
Direct Action of Unconstitutionality—ADI 5256/2021 (religion in public schools). http://portal.stf.jus.br/processos/downloadPeca.asp?id=15348555509&ext=.pdf.
Direct Action of Unconstitutionality—ADI 5257/2018 (Bible as a foundational book of religious doctrine). https://portal.stf.jus.br/processos/downloadPeca.asp?id=15339155696&ext=.pdf.
Direct Action of Unconstitutionality—ADI 5258/2021 (religion in public schools). http://portal.stf.jus.br/processos/downloadPeca.asp?id=15346248154&ext=.pdf.
Extraordinary Appeal with Review Effect—ARE 1014615/2017 (religion in public schools). http://portal.stf.jus.br/processos/downloadPeca.asp?id=311424048&ext=.pdf.
Extraordinary Appeal with Review Effect—ARE 1099099/2020 (conscientious objection and reasonable accommodation). http://portal.stf.jus.br/processos/downloadPeca.asp?id=15346130481&ext=.pdf.
Extraordinary Appeal with Review Effect—ARE 1267879/2020 (religious freedom and health issues). https://redir.stf.jus.br/paginadorpub/paginador.jsp?docTP=TP&docID=755520674.
Extraordinary Appeal—RE 144900/1997 (tax exemption). https://portal.stf.jus.br/processos/detalhe.asp?incidente=1531750.
Extraordinary Appeal—RE 221395/2000 (tax exemption). https://portal.stf.jus.br/processos/detalhe.asp?incidente=1690900.
Extraordinary Appeal—RE 237718/2001 (tax exemption). http://redir.stf.jus.br/paginadorpub/paginador.jsp?docTP=AC&docID=255915.
Extraordinary Appeal—RE 257700/2000 (tax exemption). https://portal.stf.jus.br/processos/detalhe.asp?incidente=1786066.
Extraordinary Appeal—RE 325822/2002 (tax exemption). https://redir.stf.jus.br/paginadorpub/paginador.jsp?docTP=AC&docID=260872.
Extraordinary Appeal—RE 494601/2019 (animal sacrifice). https://redir.stf.jus.br/paginadorpub/paginador.jsp?docTP=TP&docID=751390246.
Extraordinary Appeal—RE 562351/2012 (tax exemption). http://redir.stf.jus.br/paginadorpub/paginador.jsp?docTP=TP&docID=3195619.
Extraordinary Appeal—RE 578562/2008 (tax exemption). https://redir.stf.jus.br/paginadorpub/paginador.jsp?docTP=AC&docID=547393.
Extraordinary Appeal—RE 611874/2020 (conscientious objection and reasonable accommodation). http://portal.stf.jus.br/processos/downloadPeca.asp?id=15346130905&ext=.pdf.
Instrument Appeal—AI 155822/1995 (tax exemption). https://portal.stf.jus.br/processos/detalhe.asp?incidente=1571642.
Ordinary Appeal in Habeas Corpus—RHC 134682/2016 (religion and free speech). https://portal.stf.jus.br/processos/downloadPeca.asp?id=312556698&ext=.pdf.
Ordinary Appeal in Habeas Corpus—RHC 146303/2018 (religion and free speech). https://portal.stf.jus.br/processos/downloadPeca.asp?id=314933571&ext=.pdf.
Regimental Appeal in the Extraordinary Appeal—AgR ARE 800395/2014 (tax exemption). http://redir.stf.jus.br/paginadorpub/paginador.jsp?docTP=TP&docID=7236119.
Regimental Review in the Extraordinary Appeal—AG.Reg.RE 1268862/2021 (religion in public schools). http://portal.stf.jus.br/processos/downloadPeca.asp?id=15346412974&ext=.pdf; https://portal.stf.jus.br/processos/downloadPeca.asp?id=15345591763&ext=.pdf.
Regimental Review in the Extraordinary Appeal—AgR ARE 658080/2011 (tax exemption). http://redir.stf.jus.br/paginadorpub/paginador.jsp?docTP=TP&docID=1738528.
Regimental Review in the Instrument Review—AgR AI 389602/2005 (tax exemption). https://portal.stf.jus.br/processos/detalhe.asp?incidente=2015361.
Regimental Review in the Instrument Review—AgR AI 690712/2009 (tax exemption). https://portal.stf.jus.br/processos/detalhe.asp?incidente=2574029.
Supreme Court’s Cases Pending of Trial
Claim for Noncompliance with a Fundamental Precept—ADPF 618 (refusal to blood transfusion for religious reasons). http://portal.stf.jus.br/processos/detalhe.asp?incidente=5769402.
Claim for Noncompliance with a Fundamental Precept—ADPF 709 and incidental interim relief (protection of indigenous people during the pandemic). http://portal.stf.jus.br/processos/detalhe.asp?incidente=5952986; https://redir.stf.jus.br/paginadorpub/paginador.jsp?docTP=TP&docID=756931172.
Direct Action of Unconstitutionality—ADI 3901 (respect for Sabbath keeping in public tenders as well as in public and private university entrance exams in Pará). http://portal.stf.jus.br/processos/detalhe.asp?incidente=2527365.
Direct Action of Unconstitutionality—ADI 6622 and cautionary measure (admission and permanence of religious groups in indigenous lands and cautionary granted to forbid the entry of new religious missions during the pandemic). http://portal.stf.jus.br/processos/detalhe.asp?incidente=6067929; http://portal.stf.jus.br/processos/downloadPeca.asp?id=15347982643&ext=.pdf.
Extraordinary Appeal with Review Effect—ARE 1249095 (religious symbols in public buildings). http://portal.stf.jus.br/processos/detalhe.asp?incidente=5827249.
Extraordinary Appeal—RE 1212272 (payment by the state of alternative treatment to blood transfusion for religious reasons). http://portal.stf.jus.br/processos/detalhe.asp?incidente=5703626.
Extraordinary Appeal—RE 859376 (use of religious clothing in Identification Document and Driver’s License). http://portal.stf.jus.br/processos/detalhe.asp?incidente=4690513.
Extraordinary Appeal—RE 979742 (payment by the state of a differentiated medical treatment that is not available in the National Health System due to the religious beliefs of the patient). http://portal.stf.jus.br/processos/detalhe.asp?incidente=5006128.
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Alves, R.V.S. (2023). State, Law, and Religion in Brazil: The Supreme Federal Court Case-Law. In: Holzer, S. (eds) The Palgrave Handbook of Religion and State Volume II. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-35609-4_30
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