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Molecular Pathology of Ovarian Tumors

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Molecular Surgical Pathology

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Abstract

Ovarian cancer is associated with high morbidity and mortality and is the leading cause of gynecologic cancer-related death in the US. In recent years, the molecular pathophysiology of ovarian tumors has been better elucidated, allowing for the distinction of two tumor types: the more indolent type I tumors (encompassing endometrioid, clear cell, low-grade serous, and mucinous carcinomas) and the highly aggressive type II tumors (encompassing high-grade serous carcinomas and carcinosarcomas). Type I tumors are related to abnormalities in the MAPK signaling pathway (KRAS and BRAF mutations), the PI3K/Akt2/PTEN pathway, and the Wnt/beta-catenin pathway, as well as mutations in other genes such as ARID1a, PPP2R1A, and HNF1-beta. Type II tumors, in contrast, are characterized by mutations in TP53, as well as inactivation of BRCA1/2 and mutations in genes such as Notch3, Rsf-1, and NAC1. In this chapter, we discuss the characteristics and frequency of these molecular abnormalities, with an emphasis on their implications for diagnosis and treatment.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA

    Brian S. Finkelman

  2. Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, NorthShore, University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA

    Kruti P. Maniar

  3. Departments of Pathology, Oncology, and Gynecology and Obstetrics, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA

    Ie-Ming Shih

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  1. Brian S. Finkelman
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  3. Ie-Ming Shih
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Correspondence to Kruti P. Maniar .

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  1. Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University Hospital, Indianapolis, IN, USA

    Liang Cheng

  2. Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA

    George J. Netto

  3. Department of Pathology, Indiana University Hospital, Indianapolis, IN, USA

    John N. Eble

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Finkelman, B.S., Maniar, K.P., Shih, IM. (2023). Molecular Pathology of Ovarian Tumors. In: Cheng, L., Netto, G.J., Eble, J.N. (eds) Molecular Surgical Pathology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-35118-1_11

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