Abstract
Elastography is an imaging method which has recently been developed and which allows, thanks to the intrinsic characteristics of the tissues studied, to evaluate the elasticity/stiffness characteristics of the tissues and organs in the context of an ultrasound study.
It is essential to understand the physical principles, the innumerable varieties of elastography, and the technical artefacts to allow its application in advanced diagnostic imaging fields such as musculoskeletal ultrasound.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Lavarello R, Oelze ML. Theory of ultrasound physics and imaging. In: Ultrasound elastography for biomedical applications and medicine. Hoboken: Wiley; 2019. ISBN 9781119021551.
Nenadic I, Urban M, Greenleaf J, Gennisson J-L, Bernal M, Tanter M. Editors’ introduction. In: Ultrasound elastography for biomedical applications and medicine. Hoboken: Wiley; 2019. ISBN 9781119021551.
Ormachea J, Parker KJ. Elastography imaging: the 30-year perspective. Phys Med Biol. 2020;65(24) https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6560/abca00.
Prado-Costa R, Rebelo J, Monteiro-Barroso J, Preto AS. Ultrasound elastography: compression elastography and shear-wave elastography in the assessment of tendon injury. Insights Imaging. 2018;9(5):791–814. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13244-018-0642-1. Epub 2018 Aug 17.
Gunnison J-L. Transverse wave propagation in anisotropic media. In: Ultrasound elastography for biomedical applications and medicine. Hoboken: Wiley; 2019. ISBN 9781119021551.
Vasconcelos L, Gennisson J-L, Nenadic I. Continuum mechanics tensor calculus and solutions to wave equations. In: Ultrasound elastography for biomedical applications and medicine. Hoboken: Wiley; 2019. ISBN 9781119021551.
Wang M. Ultrasound tomography. In: Industrial tomography systems and applications, Woodhead publishing series in electronic and optical materials. Cambridge: Woodhead Publishing; 2015. p. 235–61.
Taljanovic MS, Gimber LH, Becker GW, Latt LD, Klauser AS, Melville DM, Gao L, Witte RS. Shear-wave elastography: basic physics and musculoskeletal applications. Radiographics. 2017;37(3):855–70. https://doi.org/10.1148/rg.2017160116.
Budday S, Ovaert TC, Holzapfel GA, et al. Fifty shades of brain: a review on the mechanical testing and modeling of brain tissue. Arch Computat Methods Eng. 2020;27:1187–230. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11831-019-09352-w.
Wang Y, Insana MF. Wave propagation in viscoelastic materials. In: Ultrasound elastography for biomedical applications and medicine. Hoboken: Wiley; 2019. ISBN 9781119021551.
Sigrist RMS, Liau J, Kaffas AE, Chammas MC, Willmann JK. Ultrasound elastography: review of techniques and clinical applications. Theranostics. 2017;7(5):1303–29. https://doi.org/10.7150/thno.18650.
Chen W. The renaissance of continuum mechanics. J Zheijang Univ-Sci. 2014;15:231–40. https://doi.org/10.1631/jzus.A1400079.
Liu I-S, Sampaio R. On objectivity and the principle of material frame-indifference. Mecánica Computacional. XXXI:1553–69.
Li GY, Cao Y. Mechanics of ultrasound elastography. Proc Math Phys Eng Sci. 2017 Mar;473(2199):20160841 https://doi.org/10.1098/rspa.2016.0841. Epub 2017 Mar 1.
Lerner RM, Parker KJ, Holen J, Gramiak R, Waag RC. Sonoelasticity: Medical elasticity images derived from ultrasound signals in mechanically vibrated targets. Acoust Imaging 1988;16:317–27.
Parker KJ, Fu D, Graceswki SM, Yeung F, Levinson SF. Vibration sonoelastography and the detectability of lesions. Ultrasound Med Biol. 1998;24(9):1437–47. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0301-5629(98)00123-9.
Dawood M, Ibrahim N, Elsaeed H, Hegazy N. Diagnostic performance of sonoelastographic Tsukuba score and strain ratio in evaluation of breast masses. The Egyptian Journal of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine. 2018;49(01):265–71.
Wadugodapitiya S, Sakamoto M, Sugita K, Morise Y, Tanaka M, Kobayashi K. Ultrasound elastographic assessment of the stiffness of the anteromedial knee joint capsule at varying knee angles. Biomed Mater Eng. 2019;30(2):219–30. https://doi.org/10.3233/BME-191046.
Patra S, Grover SB. Physical principles of elastography: a primer for radiologists. Indographics. 2022;1:27–40. 10.1055/s-0042-1742575
Dewall RJ. Ultrasound elastography: principles, techniques, and clinical applications. Crit Rev Biomed Eng. 2013;41(1):1–19. https://doi.org/10.1615/critrevbiomedeng.2013006991.
Czernuszewicz TJ, Gallippi CM. Acoustic radiation force impulse ultrasound. In: Ultrasound elastography for biomedical applications and medicine. Hoboken: Wiley; 2019. ISBN 9781119021551.
Gennisson J-L, Tanter M. Supersonic shear imaging. In: Ultrasound elastography for biomedical applications and medicine. Hoboken: Wiley; 2019. ISBN 9781119021551.
Sandrin L, Sasso M, Audière S, Bastard C, Fournier C, Oudry J, Miette V, Catheline S. Transient elastography: from research to noninvasive assessment of liver fibrosis using Fibroscan®. In: Ultrasound elastography for biomedical applications and medicine. Hoboken: Wiley; 2019. ISBN 9781119021551.
User manual of Fibroscan® 630 Europe.
McAleavey SA. Single tracking location shear wave elastography. In: Ultrasound elastography for biomedical applications and medicine. Hoboken: Wiley; 2019. ISBN 9781119021551.
Lu J, Chen M, Chen Q-H, Wu Q, Jiang J-N, Leung T-Y. Elastogram: physics, clinical applications, and risks. Maternal-Fetal Med. 2019;1(2):113–22. https://doi.org/10.1097/FM9.0000000000000024.
Alizad A, Fatemi M. Vibro-acoustography and its medical applications. In: Ultrasound elastography for biomedical applications and medicine. Hoboken: Wiley; 2019. ISBN 9781119021551.
Gennisson JL, Deffieux T, Fink M, Tanter M. Ultrasound elastography: principles and techniques. Diagn Interv Imaging. 2013;94(5):487–95. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.diii.2013.01.022. Epub 2013 Apr 22.
Konofagou E. Harmonic motion imaging. In: Ultrasound elastography for biomedical applications and medicine. Hoboken: Wiley; 2019. ISBN 9781119021551.
Vappou J, Maleke C, Konofagou EE. Quantitative viscoelastic parameters measured by harmonic motion imaging. Phys Med Biol. 2009;54(11):3579–94.
Konofagou EE, Maleke C, Vappou J. Harmonic motion imaging (HMI) for tumor imaging and treatment monitoring. Curr Med Imaging Rev. 2012;8(1):16–26.
McAleavey S, Collins E, Kelly J, et al. Validation of SMURF estimation of shear modulus in hydrogels. Ultrason Imaging. 2009;31:131–50.
Song P, Chen S. Comb-push ultrasound shear elastography. In: Ultrasound elastography for biomedical applications and medicine. Hoboken: Wiley; 2019. ISBN 9781119021551.
Song P, Manduca A, Zhao H, et al. Fast shear compounding using robust 2-D shear wave speed calculation and multi-directional filtering. Ultrasound Med Biol. 2014;40:1343–55.
Song, P. (2014). Innovations in ultrasound shear wave elastography. PhD Thesis. Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, USA.
Mahdavi SS, Moradi M, Wen X, Morris WJ, Salcudean SE. Vibro-elastography for visualization of the prostate region: method evaluation. Med Image Comput Comput Assist Interv. 2009;12(Pt 2):339–47. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-04271-3_42.
Zhang X, Zhou B, VanBuren WM, Burnett TL, Knudsen JM. Transvaginal ultrasound vibro-elastography for measuring uterine viscoelasticity: a phantom study. Ultrasound Med Biol. 2019;45(2):617–22. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2018.10.009. Epub 2018 Nov 19.
Wu Z, Taylor LS, Rubens DJ, Parker KJ. Sonoelastographic imaging of interference patterns for estimation of the shear velocity of homogeneous biomaterials. Phys Med Biol. 2004;49:911–22.
Hoyt K, Castaneda B, Parker KJ. Two-dimensional sonoelastographic shear velocity imaging. Ultrasound Med Biol. 2008;34:276–88.
Parker KJ. Dynamic elasticity imaging. In: Ultrasound elastography for biomedical applications and medicine. Hoboken: Wiley; 2019. ISBN 9781119021551.
Tzschatzsch H, Ipek-Ugay S, Trong MN, Guo J, Eggers J, Gentz E, Fischer T, Schultz M, Braun J, Sack I. Multifrequency time-harmonic elastography for the measurement of liver viscoelasticity in large tissue windows. Ultrasound Med Biol. 2015;41:724–33.
Tzschatzsch H, Nguyen Trong M, Scheuermann T, Ipek-Ugay S, Fischer T, Schultz M, Braun J, Sack I. Two-dimensional time-harmonic elastography of the human liver and spleen. Ultrasound Med Biol. 2016;42:2562–7.
Parker KJ, Ormachea J, Zvietcovich F, Castaneda B. Reverberant shear wave fields and estimation of tissue properties. Phys Med Biol. 2017;62:1046–61.
Ormachea J, Parker KJ, Barr RG. An initial study of complete 2D shear wave dispersion images using a reverberant shear wave field. Phys Med Biol. 2019;64:145009.
Dietrich CF, Bamber J, Berzigotti A, et al. EFSUMB guidelines and recommendations on the clinical use of liver ultrasound elastography, update 2017 (long version). Ultraschall Med. 2017;38:e16–47.
Ormachea J, Zvietcovich F. Reverberant shear wave elastography: a multi-modal and multi-scale approach to measure the viscoelasticity properties of soft tissues. Front Phys. 2020; https://doi.org/10.3389/fphy.2020.606793.
Bamber J, Cosgrove D, Dietrich CF, et al. EFSUMB guidelines and recommendations on the clinical use of ultrasound elastography, part 1: basic principles and technology. Ultraschall Med. 2013;34:169–84.
Kot BCW, Zhang ZJ, Lee AWC, et al. Elastic modulus of muscle and tendon with shear wave ultrasound elastography: variations with different technical settings. PLoS One. 2012;7:e44348.
Bouchet P, Gennisson JL, Podda A, Alilet M, Carrié M, Aubry S. Artifacts and technical restrictions in 2D shear wave elastography. Ultraschall Med. 2020;41(3):267–77. https://doi.org/10.1055/a-0805-1099.
Aubry S, Nueffer JP, Carrié M. Evaluation of the effect of an anisotropic medium on shear wave velocities of intra-muscular gelatinous inclusions. Ultrasound Med Biol. 2017;43(1):301–8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2016.09.006. Epub 2016 Oct 12.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2023 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Marsico, S., Maiques, J.M., Solano, A. (2023). Elastography: Technical Aspects. In: Marsico, S., Solano, A. (eds) Elastography of the Musculoskeletal System . Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-31054-6_1
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-31054-6_1
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-031-31053-9
Online ISBN: 978-3-031-31054-6
eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)