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Special Population: Adults with Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities

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Abstract

Adults with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) encompass individuals who have a range of diagnoses (e.g., autism spectrum disorder) and designations (e.g., mental retardation). Most adults with IDD receive care through primary care providers in their communities. An interdisciplinary approach that incorporates home and community-based services is effective and can be facilitated by care managers in a medical home model, oftentimes in coordination with primary caregivers. Preventive services should follow established guidelines as in the general population with some modifications, including regular monitoring of weight and height. Metabolic disorders such as diabetes are more common in individuals with IDD. Swallowing difficulties and gastroesophageal reflux disease are not uncommon which increases the risk for respiratory disorders. A medication review should be conducted at regular intervals to check for polypharmacy, and antipsychotic drugs should no longer be routinely used to treat problem behaviors. Pain and other physical symptoms are often unrecognized and can present atypically in acute situations. The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted the care needs of this population to mitigate social isolation and significant morbidity and mortality.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Family Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA

    Victoria L. Boggiano & Timothy P. Daaleman

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  1. Victoria L. Boggiano
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  2. Timothy P. Daaleman
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Correspondence to Victoria L. Boggiano .

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  1. Department of Family Medicine, University of North Carolina, CHAPEL HILL, NC, USA

    Timothy P. Daaleman

  2. Department of Family Medicine, University of North Carolina, CHAPEL HILL, NC, USA

    Margaret R. Helton

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Boggiano, V.L., Daaleman, T.P. (2023). Special Population: Adults with Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities. In: Daaleman, T.P., Helton, M.R. (eds) Chronic Illness Care. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-29171-5_24

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-29171-5_24

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