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Plant-Derived Drugs for Alzheimer’s Disease and Other Neurological Disorders

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Bioprospecting of Tropical Medicinal Plants

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Abstract

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive, debilitating neurological disorder associated with chronic damage to neuronal cells that result in the disruption of the function and structure of the nervous system. AD is irreversible and frequently associated with an elderly population with long pre-symptomatic conditions and late onset. Common symptoms include dementia, cognitive declination, and behavioral imperfections, which ultimately create turbulences in routine life activities that lead to delusion and death. Increasing global occurrence, prevalence, and mortality have a huge socio-economic burden on society and healthcare systems. Established drugs for AD are mostly used to counterbalance the clinical symptoms and are associated with limited efficacy and huge side effects. This demands new drug discovery for Alzheimer’s disease. For ages, a variety of plant-based remedies have been used to enhance memory and cognitive abilities. Several medicinal plants and their phytochemicals including secondary metabolites impart peerless value in treating neurodegenerative diseases. This chapter summarizes diverse medicinal plants in terms of their precise activity to inhibit AD and other common brain diseases such as Parkinson’s disease and dementia. Moreover, different secondary metabolites which possess neuron protection and regeneration, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant activities, acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitory activity, and clearance of aggregated protein in the brain are discussed. Also, this chapter serves as a guide for the development of anti-AD therapeutics and further inspiration to explore new phytochemical therapies.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biotechnology, Chaitanya Bharathi Institute of Technology, Hyderabad, Telangana, India

    B. Sumithra, Sanjeeb Kumar Mandal, Bishwambhar Mishra, K. V. S. S. N. Mounika, J. Caleb Joel Raj & C. V. S. Aishwarya

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  1. B. Sumithra
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  2. Sanjeeb Kumar Mandal
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  3. Bishwambhar Mishra
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  4. K. V. S. S. N. Mounika
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Center for Studies in Stem Cells Cell Therapy and Toxicological Genetics (CeTroGen), Graduate Program in Health and Development in the Midwest RegionFaculty of Medicine (FAMED)Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS) Campo Grande, Cidade Universitária, Pioneiros, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil

    Karuppusamy Arunachalam

  2. Key Laboratory for Wild Plant Resources, Kunming Institute of Botany, Kunming, Yunnan, China

    Xuefei Yang

  3. Department of Botany, NSS College Nemmara, Palakkad, Kerala, India

    Sreeja Puthanpura Sasidharan

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Sumithra, B., Mandal, S.K., Mishra, B., Mounika, K.V.S.S.N., Caleb Joel Raj, J., Aishwarya, C.V.S. (2023). Plant-Derived Drugs for Alzheimer’s Disease and Other Neurological Disorders. In: Arunachalam, K., Yang, X., Puthanpura Sasidharan, S. (eds) Bioprospecting of Tropical Medicinal Plants. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-28780-0_55

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